Unit1复合不定代词精讲及考点解析

不是指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词。

常见的不定代词有all，both，each，every，some，any，many，much，（a）few，（a）little，one，ones，either，neither，other，another，no，none以及含有some-，any-，no-等的合成代词（如：anybody，something，no one）。这些不定代词大都可以代替名词和形容词，在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。

由some，any，no，every+thing，-body，-one构成的复合不定代同（如somebody

等）只能作主语、宾语或表语；every和no只能作定语。（这些词作定语时，有些语法书称之为形容词）复合不定代词精讲及考点解析 复合不定代词的构成：

复合不定代词是由some, any, no, every加-body,-thing,-one构成，列表如下：

Somebody 某人 Someone 某人 Something 某物，某事 Nobody 没有人 No one 没有人 Nothing 没有东西 Anybody 任何人 Anyone 任何人 Anything 任何事物 Everybody 每人 Everyone 每人 Everything 一切 由于在使用中有比较特殊的习惯用法，是考试中比较常见的考点。 一：复合不定代词和部分否定

部分否定是考试中的热门考点，常表达的结构有两种：1：not+全部肯定词 2：助 动词+not+全部肯定词。其意都为“并非都，不都”。前者是一般形态，如：Not everyone likes English. 由于是基本概念，学生比较容易理解。但后者和一般否定句比较相似，容易引起学生判断上的疑惑，是出题的焦点。

1．I agree with most of what you said, but I don’t agree with ______. A. everything B: anything C. something D. nothing 分析：有同学看到I don’t agree就判断是否定句，选B, anything .这就是对句子理解出现了偏差。句意是：我同意你所说的大部分，但不是全部。是一句典型的部分否定形式。not…everything 的结构表明“并非每件事”。所以正确答案是A. everything 。 2． ----The exam was difficult, wasn’t it? ----No, but I don’t think ______ could pass it. A. somebody B. anybody C. nobody D everybody 分析：同上题一样，不能将I don’t think 简单得看成否定句而选B. anybody。 “not…everybody”构成部分否定，既“并非所有的人都能通过”。所以应该选D. everybody。 二：复合不定代词的定语位置

复合不定代词被定语修饰的时候，定语必须放在不定代词后面。特别是当修饰的定语比较复杂的情况下要认真分析，弄清词序间的修饰关系。 1． There is _____________ with your car. A. nothing wrong B. wrong nothing

2． He asked me if there was _____________ to read. A. easy enough something B. enough easy something C. something easy enough D. something enough easy

分析：副词enough 修饰形容词easy, 放easy后面，easy enough意思是“足够简单的”。easy enough 修饰不定代词something ,放something 后面。something easy enough意思是“足够简单的东西”，所以选择C。

三复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Everything that glittered is not gold.

Nothing except for a few books was left for him by his father. 四．复合不定代词的用法区别

1． 大家都知道，带some的复合不定代词一般用于肯定句；，如：I have something important to tell you. 但是，带some 的复合不定代词也可以用在表示说话人希望得到肯定回答或表示请求，建议，询问的疑问句中。如：Would you like ______ to eat? A. something B anyting C. everything D nothing 显而易见，期待肯定回答，选A.

2. 带any的复合不定代词常用在否定句，但带any的复合不定代词也用在肯定句中带有“任何人，任何事”的意思， If you know anything about it

As a teacher, I would do anything for my students.

特别要注意的是带any的复合不盯代词不能再用否定式。如： Anything could not be seen in that dark room. (F)

要表达否定意思，只可以用对应的全部否定的词代替。如： Nothing could be seen in that dark room.

3. 指人的复合不定代词合写与分开写，其意思和用法不同，以any为例。 anyone 仅指人 任何人，某人， 不和of连用

any one 即指人，也指物， 任何一个的意思 可以于of连用 Anyone can do the job.

Any one of us can do the job.

4. 一般情况下，用nothing 回答以what 开头的问题，nobody (no one) 回答who 开头的问题。

-----What’s on the table? ----- Nothing.

-----Who is in the classroom?-------- Nobody. ( No one).

其他不定代词用法一览表

例 词 含义 作 用 例 句 主语 Both are teachers. 两个都是教师。 宾语 The teacher wanted both of us to go.老师要我们两个人都去。 定语 Both questions are easy.两个问题都很容易。 同位语 They both did it well.他们两个人都干得不错。 注: 1. both与定冠词、指示代词、物主代词连用时，应放在这些词的前面。 2. both在否定句中用作主语时，表示部分否定。如： Both of you won’t go. 你们两个不需要都走。 3 both后加名词复数，谓语用复数 4 both …and … (两者都) 谓语用复数 both 后接复数名词 表示两个人或事物 neither 后接单数名词 (与both反义) 主语 表示两个人或事物都不 Neither is mine.两个都不是我的。 宾语 I want neither of the books.那两本书我都不要。 定语 Neither sentence is correct.两个句子都不对。 注:1 Neither在句子中作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 2Neither在句子中作主语时表示全部否定。如: Neither of you is Japanese.你们两个都不是日本人。 You can’t eat either of them=You can eat neither of them. 3 neither … nor ( 既不…也不..就近原则 主语 Either will be all right.两个中哪一个都行。 He looked at the two pens, but didn’t buy either(=bought neither).他看了两支笔，但一支也没有买。 You may take either book (=take one of the two books). =You can’t take both of the two books. 两本书你可以任选一本。 注意；1 either在句子中作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 2 Eitherof+名单+ 谓语用单数 .3 either … nor ( 或者…或者..就近原则) All of them are workers.他们都是工人。 The teacher asked us all about the matter. 老师问了我们所有的事。 That’s all for today.今天就到这。 either 后接单数名词 两个人或物中任一个 宾语 定语 主语 宾语 表语 最少定语 All men are mortal.人总是要死的。 表示状语 He was all covered with mud.他浑身是泥。 all 三个同位语 They all came here.他们都到了。 以上(肯定) 注: 1. all与定冠词、指示代词、物主代词连用时要放在它们的前面。如: Do you see all the birds in the tree?你看到树上所有的鸟吗？ 2. all用作状语时，应放在实义动词之前，助动词之后。 如：The books were all sold out.所有的书都卖完了。 3. not与all连用时表示部分否定。 4 All/allof+名复/不可数名词+ 谓语可单可复(?) 主语 None of them have come back yet.他们一个都还没有回来。 宾语 She chose none but the best.她只挑了最好的东西。 none 表语 It’s none of your business.没你的事。 (与all最少We none of us send anything to our teacher. 同位语 反义，表示我们谁也没有给老师送东西。 与no 三个 none用在表示最少三个以上的否定。None指不可数名词时，其谓语one, (否定) 用单数;指可数名词时，谓语动词可用单数也可用复数。一般来说， not any从整体上来看，应用复数。例如： 同义) None of the money is mine. 这些钱都不是我的。 None of the answers is(are) correct. 这些答案都不对。 many+可数名词，much+不可数名词 some用于主语 Did many oppose it? 有许多人反对它吗？ There is much milk in my cup. And there is not much in yours. 我的杯里有许多奶，而你的杯里没有多少了。 I have as many as my sister has. 我和妹妹拥有的一样多。 Eat as much as you like. 你尽量地吃吧。 We have many friends. 我们有许多朋友。 There is much water left.还剩下许多水。 Some of us were late for school. 我们中有些人上学迟到了。 many much 宾语 定语 主语 some any 肯定I want to eat some of the cakes. 宾语 句，我想吃些蛋糕。 any用于否I have some questions to ask. 我有些问题要问。 定语 定句，Do you have any questions to ask? 你还有问题要问吗？ 疑问注: some有时可以用于表示“请求”的疑问句中，例如： 句和 Will you please give me some tea? 给我来些茶好吗？ 条件Any 可用于肯定句中表任何东西，也可用于条件句中 句中。 You can ask me if you have any questions. 修饰可数名词。a few表示肯定，few表示否定。 修饰不可数名词。a little表示肯定，little表示否定。 主语 Few of us study English. 我们中很少有人学习英语。 A few of the girls are tall. 女孩中有几个个子高。 We have few of books. 我们几乎没有书。 few a few 宾语 定语 He is a man of few words. 他是个沉默寡言的人。 主语 There is little left. 所剩无几。 little a little 宾语 He has done little for us. 他很少为我们做事。 定语 I have a little money with me. 我身上带着一点钱。 each Each has his own work. 每个人都有自己的工作。 Each主语 every One must do one’s duty. 人尽其量。 强调one We must help each of the students. 个宾语 (each我们必须帮助每位同学。 性，指两个Every one of us must study hard. every定语 以上，我们中每位都必须努力学习。 强调every共They each had beautiful cars. 指三个同位语 性， 他们每人都有一辆漂亮的小车。 以上) 注: 1. Each 和every后谓语都用单数 2. every的后面不能接of短语，而every one, each后面则可以接of短语。3 each+ 名单，each of + 名复 ，every+名单 other表示“两个”之中的另一个; another表示三个以上或不主语 I have two rubbers. One is white, the other is red. 我有两块橡皮，一块是白色的，一块是红色的。 other another 宾语 Show me another. 把另一个给我看。 明数量中的另一个。定语 （用于第二次的情景） each other 表示两者之间的“互相” 表示最少三以上的“互相” The other students are playing football. 另外一些同学在踢足球。 Would you like another glass of water? 你还要喝一杯水吗？ 1other+名词复数=others 2one…the other 一个…另一个（两者中）；one…another 注意 一个…另一个（三者中） 3 some …others ,(一些，另一些)； some…the others ,(一些，另一些,剩下的全部) We must learn from each other and help each other. 宾语 我们必须互相学习，互相帮助。 We should point out each other’s shortcoming. 定语 我们必须互相指出缺点。 They talked with one another. 他们互相交谈。 They helped one another with English. 他们在英语上互相帮助。 One Another 宾语 注:other相当于名词时，其复数形式为others,其所属格形式为other’s和others’。each other的所属格为each other’s。one another的所属格为one another’s。 You have a pen，can I use it（=the One（a+ 名单）用来代替前面pen）？你有一支钢笔，我可以用它吗？（特出现过的不确定的单数名词，指） 以避免重复。同类异物。OnesDo you have a pen？Yes，I have one（=a one 只带上文中的复数名词。it 用it pen）.你有钢笔吗？是的，我有一支。（泛指） 来指上文提到的特定的东西I like small cars better than large ones. （the+名词）同类同物 EXERCISE : 1. I’m hungry. I want ______ to eat. A. anything B. something C. everything D. nothing 2. —Do you have ______ to say for yourself? —No, I have ______ to say. A. something; everything B. nothing; something C. everything; anything D. anything; nothing 3. Why not ask ______ to help you? A. everyone B. someone C. anyone D. none 4. Everything ______ ready. We can start now. A. are B. is C. be D. were 5. There’s ______ with his eyes. He’s OK.

A. anything wrong B. wrong something C. nothing wrong D. wrong nothing

6. —The story is so amazing! It’s the most interesting story I’ve ever read. —But I’m afraid it won’t be liked by ______. A. everybody B. somebody C. anybody D. nobody

7. She listened carefully, but heard ______.

A. anyone B. someone C. everyone D. nothing 8. I agree with most of what you said, but I don’t agree with ______. A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing 9. —Everyone is here today, ______? —No, Han Mei isn’t here. She’s ill. A. isn’t it B. isn’t he C. are they D. isn’t everyone

10. Everything goes well, ______? A. is it B. isn’t it C. do they D. doesn’t i 11. I have two pens . One is red ,____ is blue . A. the other B. others C. other D. another 12. There _______ wrong with my radio .

A. are something B. are anything C. is anything D. is something 13. I’m not busy . I haven’t______ to do .

A. something B. everything C. nothing D. anything 14. His parents are _______ doctors . A. each B. all C. both D. no one

15. Of the three foreign friends , one is from London, Two_______ are from New York .

A other B. the other C. others D. the others

16. Mary wanted to have a word with Tom . She had _______ to tell him .

A important something B. nothing important C. anything important D. something important 17. There ———— wrong with the machine . A. aren’t something B. aren’t anything C. isn’t something D. isn’t anything

18. My parents and I ———— a re interested in music . A. both B. all C. neither D. no

19. Look at those students . Some are cleaning the window , ——— are sweeping the floor .

A. the other B. other C. others D. the others

20. You may keep the book for two weeks , but you mustn’t lend it to ———— . A. other B. others C. the others D. the others 21. I study Chinese , English and some ___subjects . A. other B. the other C. others D. the others 22. Do they often talk to each ——— in English ? A. others B. the other C. other D. the others 23. Would you like_____ milk ? A. some B. any C. little D. a few

24. All the students had gone out . There was____ in the classroom . A. somebody B. anybody C. nobody D. everybody 25. Now , ______ is here . Let’s begin our meeting . A. anybody B. everybody C. nobody D. anybody 26.______ has taken my pencil by mistake . I can’t find it .

A. Somebody B. Everybody C. Nobody D. everybody 27. Did they find ______ in the garden ? No , they found ________ there .

A anybody , nobody B. somebody , everybody C. anybody , somebody D. everybody , anybody 28. She made ______ mistakes in her exercises . A. any B. another C. no D. one

29. There are fifty pupils in their class . ______ of them are League members . A. Both B. Either C. All D. No one 30.The students have______ on Sunday .

A. no any class B. not class C. no classes D. no any class 31. There isn’t on playground .

A. anyone B. everyone C. nobody D. any people 23. If you need a rubber , I’ll lend you ______ . A. some B. one C. another D. the one 32. We have_____books to read . A. many B. much C. a lot D. any

33. We study Chinese , English and some_____ subjects . A. other B. others C. the other D. the others 34. ______ is here today except Li Ping .

A. Anybody B. Everybody C. Somebody D. Nobody 35. Is there_____ in the library ? Yes, _______ is in . A. somebody , anybody B. anybody , nobody C. anybody , somebody D. anybody , everybody 36. I was too tired to do work . A. some B. any C. each D. either

37. I don’t like this one . Would you please show me one . A. other B. the other C. another D. others 38. Mike is stronger than in his class .

A. any boys B. any boy C. any other boy D. other boy 39. The farmers are very glad to have apple harvest . A. other B. the other C. another D. others 40.______ of the books is yours . They are mine . A. Both B. Either C. All D. Neither

41. He is lazy .He never does_______ work . A. many B. no C. some D. any

42. I invited Tom and Ann to dinner , but_____ of them came . A. neither B. both C. either D. none

43. He is busy . He has got _____ work to do . A. some B. any C. no D. a few

44. Would you like some wine ? Yes . Just . A. little B. very little C. a little D. little bit

45 The days in summer are longer than _____ in winter . A. that B. one C. those D. these

46 If you want a ticket for a round-trip, sir, you’ll have to pay $80. A. another B. other C. others D. the other 47. （2006·浙江）-Is _____ OK, Lucy?

-No, my maths is not as good as English.

A. everything B. something C. nothing D. anything

48. The boy was so attracted by the computer games that he forgot _____ else. A. anything B. nothing C. something D. everything 49 . （2006·福州）-What's in the box? - It's empty. There is _____ in it.

A. none B. no one C. nothing D. something 50. （2006·南通）_____of them knows French, so I have to ask a third person for help. A. Neither B. Either C. Both D. None

51. It rained heavily this morning, but _____ of my classmates were away from school.

A. neither B. none C. all D. both 52. （2006·兰州）- Which do you prefer, a CD player or a walkman? - _____. I prefer the new kind of MP4. A. Both B. None C. Neither D. Either

53. Shirley had to buy _____ these CDs because she didn't know which one to take. A. all B. none C. each D. both . （2006·武汉）-Here's coffee and tea. You may have_____. -Thanks.

A. either B. each C. one D. it

55. Obey the traffic rules and learn to protect yourself. _____ is more important than life.

A. Nothing B. Something C. Everything D. Anything 56. （2007·济南）I have _____ to do. Please give me _____ to read. A. something, anything B. nothing, something C. nothing, everything D. anything, nothing 57. （2007·武汉）- Got any information about High School Examination? -Well, 1 was trying to, but found_____. A. one B. no one C. none D. some 58. （2007·北京）_____is watching TV. Let's turn it off. A. Somebody B. Anybody C. Nobody D. Everybody 59. （2007·青岛）-Do you want tea or coffee? -_____. I really don't mind.

A. Both B. None C. Either D. Neither 60. （2007·陕西）Money is important in my life. But it isn't ______ to me. A. everything B. something C. nothing D. anything

61. Can you hear the strange noise from the washing machine?_____ must be wrong with it.

A. Anything B. Nothing C. Something

62. Mrs Smith has two children, _____is a driver and _____ is a nurse. A. one, another B. one, the other C. one, otherD. one, others

63. Put it down, Richard. You mustn't read _____ letter.

A. anyone's else's B. anyone's else C. anyone else's D. anyone else . The parents _____ go to the cinema.

A. want both to B. both want to C. want both to D. want to both 65. Please keep together. We want ______ of you to get lost. A. none B. some C. many D. any

67 “You are not right. I'm not right, either” means _____. A. Either of us are not right B. Neither of us is right C. Both of us are right D. Neither of us are right

68.When I returned to my hometown, I was nearly lost. Almost_______ had changed. A. nothing B. anything C. something D. everything 69.—Who helped Jessie with her English? —_________, she taught herself. A. Anybody B. Somebody C. Nobody D. Everybody

70. of us would agree with you. A．Someone B．No one C．None D．Nobody