2014高考英语阅读理解巩固精品题练习(20)

2014高考英语阅读理解巩固精品题练习（20）及答案

阅读理解

As motorways become more and more blocked up with traffic, a new generation on flying cars will be needed to ferry people along skyways. That is the conclusion of engineers from the US space agency and aeronautical firms, who envision future commuters traveling by “skycar”.

These could look much like the concept skycar shown in the picture, designed by Boeing research and development. However, such vehicles could be some 25 years from appearing on the market. Efforts to build flying vehicles in the past have not been very successful. Such vehicles would not only be expensive and require the skills of a trained pilot to fly, but there are significant engineering challenges involved in developing them. “When you try to combine them you get the worst of both worlds: a very heavy, slow, expensive vehicle that’s hard to use,” said Mark Moore, head of the personal air vehicle(PAV) division of the vehicle systems program at Nasa’s Langley Research Center in Hampton, US. But Boeing is also considering how to police the airways-and prevent total pandemonium(吵杂狂乱的喧闹)-if thousands of flying cars enter the skies.

“The neat, gee-whiz part is thinking about what the vehicle itself would look like,” said Dick Paul, a vice president with Phantom Works, Boeing’s research and development arm. “But we’re trying to think through all the consequences of what it would take to deploy(散开) a fleet of these.”

Past proposals to solve this problem have included artificial intelligence systems to prevent collisions between air traffic. Nasa is working on flying vehicles with the initial goal of transforming small plane travel. Small planes are generally costly, loud, and require months of training and lots of money to operate, making flying to work impractical for most people. But within five years, Nasa researchers hope to develop technology for a small plane that can fly out of regional airports, costs less than $100,000(£55,725), is as quiet as a motorcycle and as simple to operate as a car.

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Although it would not have any road-driving capabilities, it would bring this form of travel within the grasp of a wider section of people. The new technology would automate many of the pilot’s functions. This Small Aircraft Transportation System(Sats) would divert pressure away from the “hub-and-spoke(中心辐射型)” model of air travel. Hub-and-spoke refers to the typically US model of passengers being processed through large “hub” airports and then on to secondary flights to “spoke” airports near their final destinations.

49. The best title for this text would be . A. Developing Skycars

B. The Traffic Jams in the Sky

C. How to Guide Flying Cars in the Sky D. What Flying Cars Will Look Like 50. The underlined word “envision” in Paragraph 1 most probably means “ ”.

A. see

B. expect

C. think

D. announce

51. When engineers develop the skycars, they have to deal with the following difficulties except .

A. how to fly out of regional airports B. how to prevent the disorder of the airways C. how to reduce expenses and the vehicle’s weight D. how to fly the skycars to enter skies 52. Now Nasa researchers’ aim is to . A. make big flying cars

B. work out the plan——how to transform small plane travel

C. develop a new kind of small plane different from the traditional one D. build a new kind of small plane with road-driving abilities

参考答案AADC

（三） [2013·安徽省级示范高中名校联考]

Switzerland is the best place to be born in the world in 2013，and the US is just

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16th. A new study made by the Economist Intelligence Unit says American babies will have a dimmer future than those born in Hong Kong，Ireland and even Canada. The EIU，a sister company of the Economist，tried to measure how well countries will provide the best opportunities for a healthy，safe and prosperous life in years to come.

People born in Switzerland will tend to be the happiest and have the best quality of life judged in terms of wealth，health and trust in public institutions，according to the analysis. The Scandinavian countries of Norway，Sweden and Denmark also all make the top five in a ‘quality­of­life' index(指数)highlighting where it is best to be born next year.

One of the most important factors is being rich，but other factors come into play—including crime，trust in public institutions and the health of family life. In total，the index takes into account 11 factors. These include fixed factors such as geography，others that change slowly over time such as demography (人口统计学)，social and cultural characteristics, and the state of the world economy. The index also looks at income per head in 2030，which is roughly when children born in 2013 will reach adulthood. Small economies take up the top 10 countries，with Australia coming second and New Zealand and the Netherlands not too far behind.

Half of the top 10 countries are European，but only one，the Netherlands，is from the euro­zone. The crisis­ridden south of Europe，including Greece，Portugal and Spain，falls behind despite the advantage of a favourable climate. Interestingly，the largest European economies—Germany，France and Britain—do not do particularly well. Nigeria has the unenviable(不值得羡慕的)title of being the worst country for a baby to enter the world in 2013.

11．According to the passage，the happiest people live in________． A．Denmark B．Switzerland C．Germany D．Nigeria

12．The factors of telling the best place to be born don't include________． A．economy B．geography

C．trust in public institutions

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D．pollution

13．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A．The Economist Intelligence Unit is a company.

B．The Economist attempted to measure the best place to live. C．The Scandinavian countries are hardly at the top of the list. D．Half of the top 10 countries are from the eurozone. 14．The purpose of the text is to show people________. A．the best place to be born in 2013 B．a new study made by the EIU

C．the worst country to be born in 2013

D．the factors of measuring the best place to be born

【语篇导读】 本文主要通过经济学人智库对国家的幸福指数的研究得出在瑞士出生的人是最幸福的，生活质量也最高，而挪威、瑞典和丹麦这几个斯堪的纳维亚国家也跻身前五名。

11. B 细节理解题。 根据文章第一段“Switzerland is the best place to be born in the world in 2013„”和第二段“People born in Switzerland will tend to be the happiest and have the best quality of life„”可知，一般来说，在瑞士出生的人是最幸福的，其生活质量也最高。故答案为B项。

12. D 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中对于判断最佳居住地的因素介绍可知，没有提到“污染”的问题。故答案为D项。

13. A 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“The EIU, a sister company of the Economist„”可知经济学人智库是一家公司。故A项正确。

14. B 主旨大意题。本文的目的是展示经济学人智库的研究结果，而其他三个选项只是其中的一个部分，不能作为文章的目的。故答案为B项。

阅读理解

The teaching hospital is one associated with a medical school. Teaching hospitals are large, with a range of from 300 to 200 beds. These hospitals always have interns(实习医师) and residents(住院医师) and additionally have medical students on the hospital wards. They have superb technical resources, and it is here that the most

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extraordinary events of medicine take place. Open-heart surgery, transplantation of kidneys, elaborate(精致的) nurseries for the newborn, support for management of rare blood diseases, and other wonderful achievements are all available here. Dozens of people may be concerned with the well-being of a particular patient. Important medical decisions are thoroughly discussed, presented at conferences, and reviewed by many personnel.

On the other hand, the quality of personal relationships at teaching hospitals is variable. Many patients feel that they are treated in an impersonal way, and that their laboratory tests receive more attention that their human and social problems. Since these institutions are on the frontier of medicine, there is a tendency to emphasize the new and elaborate procedures, when older and more modest ones might have served as well. With the inexperience of some members of the care team, there is a tendency to order more laboratory tests than what would have been ordered for the same condition in a private hospital. The sick patients are sometimes confused by having to relate to a large number of doctors and students. Medical educators are concerned with such criticisms and have to correct some of the problems. However, some excesses(超额) of technological medicine still occur in these institutions. 53. One of the advantages of a teaching hospital is that . A. its first-class personnel are a guarantee of excellent medical care

B. its first-class medical facilities and skills make medical breakthroughs possible

C. the interns, residents and medical students all offer satisfactory services D. its laboratory staff provide high-class professional aids for the doctors 54. The passage implies that .

A. private hospitals usually give personalized care of high quality B. private hospitals have more experienced laboratory staff

C. teaching hospitals use patients as subjects for their experiments D. teaching hospitals usually give patients improper treatment

55. Treatments of some difficult and complicated cases in teaching hospital are decided .

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A. by specialists in charge of the case B. by doctors and students together C. on some special and important occasions D. through collective efforts and serious review

56. The problem that still bothers teaching hospitals frequently is . A. the inadequate patient care caused by irresponsible nurses. B. the wrong decisions made by inexperienced doctors C. improper dependence on technological medicine

D. the inconvenience caused by the presence of medical students

参考答案BCDC 阅读理解

What’s On Stage

An acrobatic show: To celebrate its 50 anniversary, the China Acrobatic Troupe(剧团) will present “The Soul of China”, where the seemingly impossible is made real. Chills will run down your spine(脊柱) as you watch breathlessly as performers take their art and their bodies to the edge.

Time: 7:30 p.m., September 13-19

Place: Capital Theatre, 22 Wangfujing Dajie, Dongcheng District Exhibitions

Joint Show: A group ink painting exhibition is running at the Huangshicheng Art Gallery in Beijing. About 50 works by 25 young artists including Ge Yun and Yu Yang are on display.

Time: 9:00 a. m.—5:00 p.m. until September 10

Place: Huangshicheng Art Gallery, 136 Nanchizi Dajie, Dongcheng District Oil paintings: The Wanfung Art Gallery will host a joint show of oil painting by 10 young and middle-aged artists. On display are more than 30 of their latest works, which capture the wondrous variety of life in unique styles.

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th

Time: 9:00 a.m.—4:00 p.m. until September 15 Place: 136 Nanchizi Street, Dongcheng District

Literature museum: The National Museum of Modern Chinese Literature offers an in-depth study of the evolution of Chinese contemporary literature from 1919 to 1949.

Time: 9:00 a.m.—4:00 p.m., daily

Place: 45 Anyuan Donglu, Chaoyang District(Shaoyaoju area) Concerts

Beijing rocks: “The Fashion Night of Chinese Rock” is set to bring rock fans out by the thousands next month. Nine Chinese rock bands will perform at the concert, including older generation bands, middle generation and some recent arrivals. The audience will be given a chance to decide what songs they want to hear, which is sure to bring a storm.

Time: September 16 Place: The Olympic Center

Belgium Orchestra：La Petite Bande, the Baroque Orehestra of Belgium, will perform in Beijing at the Grand Theatre of the Cultural Palace of Nationalities as part of activities across the world in memory of the 250 anniversary of Bach’s death.

Time: 7:30 p.m. September 11—14

Place: Grand Theatre of the Cultural Palace of Nationalities

57. What do you think of the acrobatic show mentioned here? A. When you watch it, you will certainly feel cold.

B. Something strange will puzzle everyone, including scientists. C. Unexpected things will make you excited and surprised. D. Even the bravest ones will be too frightened to go on watching

58. The most characteristic thing about the Fashion Night of Chinese Rock is that .

A. it will let the audience choose the performers and the music B. it is to bring thousands of rock fans out of their homes C. it will certainly cause a rock storm throughout China

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th

D. it is to be held in memory of one of the greatest musicians

59. Suppose it is September 14 today, how many activities can people choose to attend? A. 2.

B. 3.

C. 4.

D. 5.

60. On the whole, we can conclude .

A. people in Beijing prefer modern culture to something traditional

B. there are usually more cultural activities in September than in any other month C. most of the cultural activities in Beijing are for foreign visitors only D. we can enjoy a large variety of cultural activities in Beijing

参考答案 CACD

Boys' schools are the perfect place to teach young men to express their emotions and involve them in activities such as art, dance and music.

Far from the traditional image of a culture of aggressive masculinity (阳刚), the absence of girls gives boys the chance to develop without pressure to conform to a stereotype, a US study says.

Boys at single-sex schools were said to be more likely to get involved in cultural and artistic activities that helped develop their emotional expressiveness, rather than feeling they had to conform to the \"boy code\" of hiding their emotions to be a \"real man\".

The findings of the study go against received wisdom that boys do better when taught alongside girls.

Tony Little, headmaster of the British boys-only school, Eton, warned that boys were being failed by the British education system because it had become too focused on girls. He criticized teachers for failing to recognize that boys are actually more emotional than girls.

The research argued that boys often perform badly in mixed schools because they become discouraged when their female peers do better earlier in speaking and reading skills.

But in single-sex schools teachers can tailor lessons to boys’ learning style, letting them move around the classroom and getting them to compete in teams to prevent

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boredom, wrote the study's author, Abigail James, of the University of Virginia. Teachers could encourage boys to enjoy reading and writing with \"boy-focused\" approaches such as themes and characters that appeal to them. Because boys generally have more acute vision learn best through touch, and are physically more active, they need to be given \"hands-on\" lessons where they are allowed to walk around, James found.

Single-sex education also made it less likely that boys would feel they had to conform to a stereotype that men should be \"masterful and in charge\" in relationships. \"In mixed schools boys feel compelled to act like men before they understand themselves well enough to know what that means,\" the study reported. 31. The author believes that a single-sex school ________. A. forces boys to hide their emotions to be \"real men\" B. helps to cultivate masculine aggressiveness in boys C. encourages boys to express their emotions more freely D. naturally reinforces in boys the traditional image of a man 【答案】C

【解析】细节理解题。根据 Boys' schools are the perfect place to teach young men to express their emotions„。A选项和第1段的观点冲突；B选项从第2段的第1句话的观点中可以知道是错误的。\"far from\"的含义为“根本不是”。D选项说到的加强男孩靠拢传统男人形象并未在文章内提及。故选C。

32. It is commonly believed that in a mixed school boys _______. A. perform relatively better B. behave more responsibly C. grow up more healthily D. receive a better education 【答案】A

【解析】细节理解题。根据第四自然段这个研究的结论和人们普遍接受的看法不一致，按照人们普遍的看法，男孩在和女孩一起接受教育的时候表现会更出色。故选A。 33. What does Tony Little say about the British education system? A. It fails more boys than girls academically. B. It focuses more on mixed school education. C. It fails to give boys the attention they need. D. It places more pressure on boys than on girls. 【答案】C

【解析】细节理解题。根据because it had become too focused on girls. 这句话逆向说明男孩子没有得到适当的关注。故选C。

34. According to Abigail James, one of the advantages of single-sex schools is ______. A. teaching can be tailored to suit the characteristics of boys

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B. boys can focus on their lessons without being distracted C. boys can choose to learn whatever they are interested in D. teaching can be designed to promote boys' team spirit 【答案】A

【解析】细节理解题。根据第七段可知教学可以量身定做,以适合男孩的特点，故选A。 35. Which of the following is characteristic of boys according to Abigail James' report?

A. They enjoy being in charge. B. They have sharper vision. C. They conform to stereotypes. D. They are violent and sexist. 【答案】B

【解析】细节理解题。根据Because boys generally have more acute vision learn best through touch, acute敏锐的与sharp同义，故选B。

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