一、普通不定代词
主要有all，each，every，both，either，neither，one，none，little，few，many，much，other，another，some，any，no，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语和同位语 1、one与it
one泛指，指代前面提到过的同类人或物中的一个，但不是同一件事物，用于指代可数名词
it特指，指代前面提到过的同一个物体，用于指代可数名词单数或不可数名词
2、some与any
some通常用于肯定句中，也可用于表示征求对方意见的询问句中
any一般用来修饰或代替不可数名词及可数名词复数，多用于疑问句、否定句、条件状语从句中，用于肯定句表示“任何一个”或“任何一些” 3、little，few，many，much相关
修饰可数名词的：many很多，许多，few没多少，很少（否定），a few有一些，有几个（肯定） 修饰不可数名词的：much很多，许多，little没多少，很少（否定），a little有一些，有几个（肯定）
这些用词作定语时较多，有时也可作主语或宾语。 4、all，none，no，no one与nothing
all指三个或三个以上的人或物，意为“都”，表示“全体，所有”，可以和of构成短语，“all of+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式
none是all的反义词，表示“没有人”或“没有什么东西”（指三者或三者以上都不），可以与of连用构成短语。一般用来回答“How many+名词复数？”“How much+名词单数？”以及含“any+名词”的疑问句 no表示“没有”，相当于not any，not a/an
no one只用于人，相当于nobody，意为“没有人”。用作主语时，谓语动词用单数，不能与of连用，常用来回答who引导的疑问句
nothing指物，作主语时谓语动词用单数；一般用来回答含anything的问句及what引导的特殊疑问句 5、both，neither与either 三个词都只限于两者之间
both表示复数概念，意为“两者都”，是对两者的肯定，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，both常与and连用
neither是both的反义词，表示“两者都不”，是对两者的否定，作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式
either表示“两者之中的任何一个”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式 ※either与neither常用于短语either„or„和neither„nor„，连接主语时，谓语动词要与离它最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致，即保持“就近”原则
6、other，the other，others，the others与another
other意为“另一个，另一些，另外的，别的，其他的”，作定语修饰名词
the other表示“两者中的另一个”，是特指，常用句型有：两者常用one„the other，三者或三者以上常用one„the others/the other two（three）„
others和some对比使用，是“有些”的意思，二不是作“其他”讲，泛指“其他的人或物”。常见结构是：some„others„“一些„„，另一些„„” the others意为“其余的”，表示在一个范围内的其他全部 another指三个或三个以上中的“任何一个；再一个，又一个” 7、each与every 都表示“每一个”
each是对于两个或两个以上的人或物而言，侧重于个体，既可修饰单数名词，也可单独使用，each还可以和介词of连用构成短语each of„，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式
every是对于三个或三个以上的人或物而言，侧重于整体，不能单独使用，只能作定语，后面跟单数可数名词，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式 8、anyone与any one
anyone用作代词，只能指人，意为“任何人，有人”。相当于anybody，不能与of连用
any one是一个词组，既可指人，也可指物，意为“任何一个人，任何一个物”。强调只限一个，可与of连用，表示多数当中的任何一个 9、everyone与every one
everyone意为“每个人，人人”，表示整体意义，且只用来指人，等于everybody，不能和of连用，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式
every one单独使用时指人，意为“每个人，人人”，等于everybody；与of连用时既可指人，也可指物，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式 二、复合不定代词
由some，every，no，any分别与one，thing和body组合而成的代词 someone，something，somebody； everyone，everything，everybody no one，nothing，nobody； anyone，anything，anybody
1、一般说来，由some构成的不定代词往往用于肯定句中，有时也可用于疑问句中，用来表明特殊用意。由any构成的不定代词则往往用于否定句或疑问句中 ※在表示委婉的邀请、请求、建议或希望得到肯定答复时常用something
2、由every构成的不定代词大多具有“复数”的含义，但并不能因此而将其用作复数，因为此类词更强调个体，使用时仍应以单数对待
3、由no构成的不定代词表示的是一种否定意义，作主语时，谓语动词多用单数形式
4、当主句中的主语是指人的复合不定代词，如everybody，nobody，anyone等时，其反义疑问句的主语通常用代词they；当主句中的主语是指物的复合不定代词，如everything，anything，something，nothing等时，其反义疑问句的主语通常用代词it
5、当形容词修饰复合不定代词something，everything，everyone等时，形容词须放在复合不定代词的后面
课堂练习
1. ——I prefer speaking to listening in English learning. ——Oh, really! I think you should be good at of them. A. both B. neither C. some D. all 2. Is there in today's newspaper?
A. special something B. special anything C. something special D. anything special 3. She is a new here, so we know about her.
A. nothing B. something C. anything D. everything 4. My sister has two skirts. One is yellow, is black.
A. other B. another C. others D. the other 5. All of us find neccessary to take exercise every day. A. this B. that C. it D. them 6. ——We have five kinds of schoolbags. Do you like this one? ——No. Can you show me ?
A.another B. each other C. the other D. others 7. ——Which would you like to drink, coffee or orange juice? —— . Please give me a cup of tea.
A. Neither B. Both C. All D. None 8. ——Which of the caps will you take?
——I'll take , one for my father, the other for my brother. A. neither B. both C. some D. all
9. ——Kate, I'm going on business. Please look after well. ——Don't worry, Mum. I will.
A. herself B. myself C. yourself D. yourselves 10. ——Excuse me, are these books ? ——No, they are classmate's.
A. his; he B. hers; hers C. your; mine D. yours; my
课后作业
1. Maybe the disaster can destroy our homes, but can destroy the love in our people.
A. something B. everything C. anything D. nothing 2. —What's wrong with my son, doctor? — serious. Just a slight cold.
A. Something B. Anything C. Nothing D. Everything 3. New Zealand has two islands. One is North Island and is South Island. A. another B. the other C. other D. the others 4. may have a chance to be successful if he tries his best. A. Sometbody B. Everybody C. Nobody D. None 5. There is wrong with this computer. It doesn't work well. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing 6. I knocked on the door but answered. A. somebody B. nobody C. anybody D. everybody 7. —You have tried on several shirts.
—Sorry to take up too much of your time. But of them look good on me. A. neither B. any C. none D. both 8. —Would you like some juice or coffee? — . I really don't mind.
A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. All 9. —Excuse me. I want to buy some milk. Where can I find a supermarket? —Oh, I know not far from my home. A. it B. that C. one D. a 10. I asked her for orange juice, but she didn't have .
A. any; any B. some; any C. some; some D. any; some 11. \"Are Jim and Bob playing outside?\"\" . They are doing their homework in the study.\"
A. Either B. Both C. Neither D. None
12. —Does know the answer to the question? —Me.
A. evrybody B. anybody C. somebody D. nobody 13. —Which of the two T-shirts will you take?
—I'll take . One for my brother, the other for myself. A. either B. neither C. all D. both 14. —How many students are there in the classroom? — . They are all in the lab.
A. Some B. None C. All D. Neither 15. —Have you brought with you? We won't have time to come back. —Don't worry. All the things we need are here, in this big bag. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything 16. I am thirsty. Could you let me have coke? A. little B. any C. some D. other 17. Mom and Dad are movie lovers. They have many hobbies in common. A. both B. either C. neither D. all
18. \"I hear your grandpa your grandma like watching Min Opera.\"\"Right, just as many old people do in Fuzhou.\"
A. both; and B. either; or C. neither; nor D. not only; but also 19. —Would you like some coffee or tea? — . Water is OK.
A. Both B. Either C. Neither D. All 20. \"Orange juice?\"\"Sorry, we haven't got ,but we've got some apple juice.\" A. some B. any C. many D. none
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