镇远导游词

Tour Guide Manuals of Zhen Yuan

考察线路：日月酒店—冲子口—何家大院—傅氏民宅—复兴巷—展览馆—大河关码头—老大桥—青龙洞古建筑群

The route: Riyue Hotel---Chongzi Mouth---He Family Grand Courtyard---Fu Family Residence---Fuxing Lane---Exhibition Hall---Daheguang Port---Laoda Bridge---Ancient Buildings of Green Dragon Cave

尊敬的各位领导、嘉宾：

Ladies and gentlemen, distinguished guests:

欢迎大家来到中国历史文化名城——镇远。

Welcome to one of China's historical and cultural cities---Zhenyuan.

首先给大家自我介绍一下：我是名城旅游公司的讲解员：XXX，非常荣幸能为各位讲解。

First of all, please allow me to introduce myself. I am ...., guide of Tourism Company of Mingcheng. Today, I am honored to guide you.

冲子口

CHongzi Mouth

现在我们来到的就是镇远多条“歪门斜道”中的一条，称为“冲子口巷”，说到这儿，很多人都好奇，为什么要叫“歪门斜道”呢？Now we come to one of the streets which are full of \"slanting doors

and sloping roads\" in Zhenyuan. This street is called \"Chongzi Mouth Lane\". As mentioning this, we may be curious and eager to know why the street is named \"slanting doors and sloping roads\". Is it really like that?

是因为镇远人心术不正吗？想要告诉大家的是:您可别想歪了，这个名字根我国道教的风水学说有着莫大的关系，比如说：在北京我们的四合院都是坐北朝南，门朝着正南方开，这是因为以南为尊，有财不漏白，避火灾之意。

Is there something wrong with people in Zhenyuan? I just want to tell you that the origin of name has something with the feng shui theory of Taoism. Say, we know that siheyuan (quadrangle courtyard) in Beijing faces south with its door opening towards due south. That is the reason why south is regarded as dignity, which means to accumulate wealth and avoid the fire. 可是到了镇

远，由于受到地势和多方文化影响，我们的民居虽然也是以南为尊，但它却是坐北朝着东南方向和西南方向开门，这样门一歪，道便斜，所以就被叫着歪门斜道。

With the principle of respect for south spread to Zhenyuan, though people here also abide by it, the doors of residence rides southeast and southwest instead of due south, due to the limitations of geographical position and the influence of multiculture. So, we can see that if doors are opened, they seem askew and the roads appear raked. This is the interesting phenomenon about \"slanting doors and sloping roads\".

冲子口小巷两边多是深宅大院，筑有八至十米高的封火墙。墙体高大厚实，既是为了防火，不因一家起火而殃及邻居；又是为了防盗，使得小偷望门兴叹，更不致遭匪徒袭击；还可以防水，舞阳河水猛涨时，也不会漫进家门。所以说具有防水，防火，防盗的作用。

The two sides of Chongzi Mouth Lane are mainly grand courtyards which are with eight to ten meters high walls. These walls are so high and solid that they can protect houses from fire, not because one house gets fire to bring disaster to neighbors; they can preclude water from flooding the houses, even if Wuyang River swells; they can guard against the thieves and make them realize it impossible to enter the houses and prevent from the attack of gangsters. That

is to say, grand courtyards with high solid walls have many functions such as the above mentioned--- fireproof, waterproof, prevention of burglary.

何家大院

He Family Grand Courtyard

现在我们看到的这家大院叫做——何家大院，系明代建筑。位于冲子口古巷道内，占地面积940平方米，建筑面积1500。前后两个院落，相传为明初镇远蛮夷长官官何惠的私宅。该院背依石屏山，座北面南，大门却开设在西南角上，大门处有单檐门罩，下有青石条门框（俗称石库门），为典型的高封火墙四合院。Now we come to the courtyard called He Family Courtyard, dating back to

Ming dynasty. Situated in the Chongzi Mouth Lane, it covers an area of 940 square meters, construction area of 1500 square meters. It has two yards. It is said that it belonged to He Hui originally, who was the local law officer of managing the minority groups in Zhenyuan in the early Ming dynasty. In other words, it is his private residence. We can see the grand courtyard was built at the back of Shiping Moutain, facing south, but its entrance door was set in the southwest. There is the single eave of door cover in the front door and bluestone doorframe under the proof (commonly called the stone door), which is the typical siheyuan with l high fireproof walls.

大家在行走时也别忘了看看地上的下水口，各位有没有发现它们全都是古代铜币的样子，这是什么意思呢？它意味着财不外流，流水流到钱里头。

Mind you,when we walk on the road, please pay close attention to the mouths of sewer. Please look at them, it is easy for us to find that they look like the ancient copper coins. Guess what their meanings are? They mean that wealth won't flow out, and the water just flows into the coins.

再请大家看看我们身边的封火墙，它们有一个好玩的名字叫做豆腐墙，请您来猜猜这是什么意思？在猜的时候大家可别想着这是豆腐渣工程，如果想不到，那我就要揭秘了。

Now please see the fire walls around us. They have a funny name--bean curd wall. Can you guess what it means? Please don't associate it with the jerry-built project (in China bean curd reminds people of the shoddy construction, because it is brittle and tends to go to pieces). If you can't hit it, I offer you the answer.

封火墙在安徽一带非常多见，由于以前这里徽商很多，便把家乡的文化带到了这里，在古代没有水泥，也没钢筋，所以，古代工匠们就很聪明的想到把面石灰、豆腐、糯米、泥巴、铜油、泥桨混在一起放在墙与墙的中间，因为有豆腐的原因，所以叫做豆腐墙，但是因为有糯米的成份，所以，造价很高。既然造价高，这就说明以前这里的人是富有的。

Fire walls are commonly seen in Anhui province. There were many merchants from Anhui province coming here a long ago, so they brought their own civilization to Zhenyuan. It is known that there was no cement, no reinforcing steel, the ancient workmen were so smart that they put lime, bean curd, glutinous rice, mud, China wood oil, and slurry together to place them between the walls. There was bean curd in the walls,so they were called bean curd walls. However, there was the element of glutinous rice, so the cost was high. Now that the cost of construction was high, it shows that people at the time living here were very rich.

傅家民居

Fu Family Residence

各位游客：我们现在来到的是镇远保存最完整的也是最有代表性的一座古民居：傅家民居。在这里的傅家已经住了九代人了，两百年前，傅家祖先从江西汇入商贾队伍匆匆来到镇远，最初是靠一副货郎担起家，后来做桐油生意，发了财便在复兴巷口开了家“裕盛老行”货栈，主要囤积来往货物，最辉煌时期大约在光绪年间。

Now, we come to the best preserved and most representative of ancient

residence in Zhenyuan: Fu Family Residence. Fu family has lived here for nine generations. Two hundred years ago, ancestors of Fu family joined the merchant teams to rush to Zhenyuan. Originally, they started as traveling salesmen on the shoulders of selling goods, and later did tung oil business. And indeed, they made a fortune to run a warehouse named \"Prosperous Old Line\" in Fuxing Alley. They mainly dealt with hoarding of goods intercourse, and reached its most brilliant period of about Guangxun years in Qing dynasty

傅家民居坐北朝南，建筑依山就势，逐层递升。由门柱.门楣.门槛.门罩组成。门楣上方刻有浅浮雕一幅，图为太极八卦图，取意为“两仪升四象，四象升八卦”对于商人来说即为一本万利之意。铜钱刻在门槛上，意为开门见钱，钱在眼前的意思。门槛两边的门枕石上还刻有深浮雕狻猊，狻猊是传说中的一种猛兽，有招财进宝之意。

Fu Family Residence faces south, its architecture built hillside, layer-by-layer ascending, consisting of the post, the lintel, the threshold, and the door cover. There is a bass-relief carved above the lintel. In fact, it is a map for Tai chi and eight trigrams, meaning \"two meter born four like, four like health nosy\". It is good for business people to gain wealth without paying much. Coins were engraved on the threshold, signifying if the door is opened, we can money in front. Both sides of threshold there are the door pillow stones marked with deep embossed lions which are the legend of a beast, a felicitous wish of making money.

他们家现在用的东西绝大部份都是明清两代的文物，曾经有一些专家开玩笑说，他们家的东西，只要一扇窗户就可以发家了。走进他家，我们抬头会看到“良弼名家”四个金铂大字。从字意了解，他们家非同等闲。良弼是良相的意思，弼有辅佐的含意，

是朝中大臣才能称弼。用辅佐二字解释，则是宰相之类的大臣才能担当得起辅佐的重任的。“名家”两字就不难理解了。

Fu family members use the stuff which is cultural relics belonging to mostly the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Once some experts made jokes that among their household stuff, only a window could make people become rich. Walk into his home, we look up and see\" 良弼名家\"（means well aiding to make a good family in general）four gold platinum Chinese characters. From the literal meaning of these words, their family was unusual. Now we can appreciate the meaning of the four characters: \"良弼\" refers to a good prime minister; \"弼\"means support or assist in the feudal court (officers at royal court can be called \"弼\ interpreting two characters, it is the prime minister or like him that can shoulder the task of assisting; it is not difficult to understand \"名家\ because every family wants to become famous and form a habit of the fine education.

而我们眼前的这几步阶梯，在以前如果没有一定身份的人，是不能从这里上去的，只能走廊下通往侧院客房。若身份极其尊贵，那么我们前面的六扇大门将会全部敞开，尊贵的客人由主人陪同从正中的的两扇门中进入客厅，其他随行人员就得从两边进到客厅里。

These steps before us could not be allowed to walk upstairs in the past if he or she was not dignitary and was permitted to only walk through corridors down to the guest room of the side courtyard. If he or she was extremely noble, the six gates in front of us would be opened so that distinguished guests accompanied by the host walked through the median of two doors into the living room, followed by the other members of the entourage having to go into the living

room from both sides.

进到客厅，我们可以看到每家每户都会有的神龛，从他家的神龛位上面所供的江西福主我们得知，他们家是从江西迁过来的。大家可以看看每扇门的雕刻，有没有发现每扇门雕刻的动物都是各不相同，并且深含寓意呢？第一扇门刻的是蝙蝠，第二扇刻的是梅花鹿，第三扇刻的是仙桃，第四扇就是喜鹊，代表的就是福禄寿禧。东西两个房间为半壁透雕花窗，木雕非常精致，仔细看来有四百多种图案。

Entering the living room, we can see that every household may have shrines. It is easy to know that his family moved from Jiangxi province from the shrine consecrated by his family members showing where their ancestors came from. We can have a look at each door carving, and find that animals carved on every door are varied. What do these animals have something special meanings? The bat was carved on the first door, the second deer, the third the peach, the fourth the magpie, which represent blessing, wealth, health and happiness respectively. The east and west rooms are with half openwork flower window, their wood carving very delicate. It needs to take a close look to find there are more than 400 patterns.

里面摆放的太师椅、八仙桌也都是明清两代的文物。穿过堂屋，来到后天井。天井虽然不大，但抬头仰望可见山景，将背后的青山框入画中，有“悠然见南山的感觉”。这是采用了古建筑借景的技巧。后天井在采光的同时也有采集天地灵气的寓意。房屋里的家具都是清朝时期所雕刻的，这张婴儿床上刻了只大象，但中原并不产象，为什么当地人会对象有如此深刻的印象呢？

Placed inside an old-fashioned wooden armchair and a square table are also cultural artifacts of Ming and Qing dynasties. Walking through the central room, we come to the behind patio. As small Patio, we still raise our heads to

appreciate the scenary mountain, as if we can frame the green hill into the picture and have the feeling of \"seeing the Nan Mountain suddenly with comfort\". This is the use of the skill to borrow ancient architecture scenery to reach the effect. The purpose of the behind patio not only absorbs the sunlight, but also collects the essence of the heavens and the earth. All furniture in the room is the carving of Qing dynasty. Look at this crib with carved elephant. We know that there is no elephant living in the Central Plains. The question is that why the local people were so impressed by the elephant.

而且还把它刻在家具，柱础上做为房屋的装饰物呢？古时候常用缅甸的朝贡者骑着大象从镇远经过，人们都尾随象队围观，自然特别关注，产生了极大的兴趣，才把它凝结在建筑物上。缅人骑象持续了好几百年，所以给镇远人留下了非常鲜明的印象，它真实的反映了缅人骑象过桥来的历史事件。

What's more, they engraved them in the furniture and plinth. Did they regard it as housing decoration? Actually, it goes like this, in ancient times Burma tributary who rode on elephants via Zhenyuan people all followed the elephant team to meet their curiosity. It was natural for them to arouse their attention and concerns so that they carved them on the architecture. In fact, Burmese had rode on elephants for hundreds of years. However, they left Zhenyuan with very deep impression. It is a true reflection on historical events of the Burmese rode on elephants across the bridge. （梅风翻译）

复兴巷三十二蹬坎

这里叫三十二蹬坎，也就是三十二级台阶。复兴巷三十二蹬坎在过去很有名，因为前面这个围墙是“将军第”，将军第又叫苏光欲堂，是光绪年间抗法名将苏元春的官邸。加上西薹世系和水晶祠，以及后面的傅家和杨茂兴大院，都是大户人家的所在地，三十二蹬坎不出名才怪？直到现在，你打听复兴巷在什么地方？可能有些当地人都难以回答得上。如果你问三十二蹬坎在哪里，人们就会很快给你指明方向的。

展览馆

现在大家看到的是省级文物保护单位邹泗钟祠，系清光绪年间为张秀眉率领的苗民而战死于黄平黄飘的清军精捷营将领邹泗钟的专祠。祠堂从南到北依次为牌楼门、前厢楼、前厅、后厢楼、后厅，组成两进院落。街面牌楼与三面高封火墙连为一封闭式院落。整座建筑布局严谨，结构巧妙，取材优异，结构精美，可称为我国南方高封火墙四合院式的典型建筑物。

为了全面展示镇远的历史文化、自然风光和民族风情，我县利用祠堂建筑布臵了“镇远历史文化图片展”。下面就请大家仔细欣赏吧！

大河关码头

各位领导、嘉宾，现在您站在的这个地方叫做大河关码头，清代设臵有负责督办税务事宜的厘金总局，这里是当时府城重要的水上关卡，所有过往客商船主要在这里停泊登记纳税。大河关码头是镇远作为明清时期水陆都会的重要历史见证。

大家看到的对面那片古建筑群，是名城最具风貌特色的贴崖古建筑园林——青龙洞古建筑群，它是全国重点文物保护单位，是贵州境内最大的古建筑群之一。目前，它对外开放的有六个部分：即祝圣桥、中元禅院、万寿宫、紫阳书院、青龙洞寺、香炉岩。占地面积21000余平方米，建筑面积6600余平方米，各种单体建筑30多座。从这里望去，简直就像看到一幅精美的山水画卷，

又似观赏到一组美轮美奂的浮雕群。这就是仁山智水的结晶，属于天地人完美结合的作品。

祝圣桥

现在大家看到的这座桥叫做祝圣桥，桥长135米，高14米，宽8.5米，是镇远的一座古桥，始建于明代初期的洪武五年，即1372年，不过它直到明代晚期的1682才竣工。那就意味着这座桥梁的建设过程经历了256年的时间。在这之后的清初时期，桥被洪水冲塌了三次，并且一次一次地重建起来，最后一次重建是在清雍正元年，也就是公元1723年

后来，有个镇远知府于清光绪四年（公元1878年）在中段桥面上增建了一座称为“状元楼”的塔式建筑。“状元楼”有时也叫“魁星楼”。

桥上状元楼是三重檐八角攒尖顶塔式建筑，其上饰有琉璃葫芦宝顶。从桥面至塔顶高15米，它是镇远亭阁建筑中最为雄伟壮观的一座。

这里是古代交通要冲。从这里往东，人们可以到达长江中下游地区；往西，可以到达贵州、昆明、重庆、成都等地。

The Thirty Two Dengkan in Fuxing Lane

This is called thirty two Dengkan(thirty two steps). The Thirty Two Dengkan in Fuxing Lane was well-known in the past times, for the wall in front of it is the \"General Section\also known as Su Guangyu Hall, the mansion of the famous anti-French General Su Yuanchun in the Qing Dynasty Emperor Guangxu Period. Adding with the crystal ancestral hall and the West Lineage, and the seat of rich families as Fu’s and Yang Maoxing’s compound in the back, it is not difficult to explain why Thirty Two Steps is so well known. Even now, if you inquire about where Fuxing Lane is, some locals may

have difficulty to give you a definite answer. But if you ask where Thirty Two Steps is, people will soon give you a specific direction.

Exhibition

Now the building we are seeing is a provincial-level protection point, Zou Sizhong Shrine. Zou Sizhong Shrine was set to memorize the general Zou Sizhong, who died in the suppression battle against the Miao people’s uprising led by Zhang Xiumei in the Qing dynasty Emperor Guangxu Period. For the Shrine, from south to north the archway door, front compartment floor, front hall, rear compartment floor and rear hall, which form into two courtyards. High street arches and three sides of firewall seale into a closed courtyard. With precise layout, well-arranged structure and excellent materials used, the entire buildings can be described as typical buildings of quadrangle dwellings with highly-sealed firewalls in southern China.

In order to fully demonstrate the historical culture, the natural scenery and the ethnic customs, ZhenYuan county prepares “A Photographic Exhibit of the History and Culture of Zhenyuan” with the ancestral building layout. Next please enjoy it!

Dahe Pass Pier

Ladies and gentlemen, this place you are standing in is called Dahe Pass Pier. The Likin Bureau was set to take responsibility for the supervision of tax affairs in the Qing Dynasty, and this was an important water pass in the county at that time. All merchant ships coming and going parked here to register and to pay tax. Dahe Pass Pier witnesses the history of Zhen Yuan as an important land and water city in the Ming and Qing dynasties.

The opposite side of the patch of ancient buildings We are seeing now is the most distinctive ancient cliff attaching garden in the county - Dragon Cave Ancient Buildings, which is one of the largest ancient buildings in Guizhou and the national cultural heritage protection point. Currently, six parts are opening up: Zhusheng Bridge, Zhongyuan Temple, Longevity Palace, Ziyang Academy, Dragon Cave Temple and Incense rocks. The buildings cover an area of 21,000 square meters, with construction area 6600 square meters and more than 30 single building blocks. Seen from here, the buildings look almost like a beautiful landscape volume, or a magnificent basso-relievo group. This is the crystallization of benevolent mountains and intellectual waters. It is also the perfect combination of heaven and earth and human.

Zhusheng Bridge

The Bridge we just see is named Zhusheng Bridge (Holy Bridge). As a famous old bridge in Zhengyuan county, Zhusheng Bridge is 135 meters long, with a height of 7.3 meters and a width of 9 meters. The construction of Zhusheng Bridge lasted nearly 256 years, began in the early Ming Dynasty, the fifth years of Hongwu(1372 AD), and ended in the late Ming Dynasty(1682 AD). In the early Qing Dynasty, Zhusheng Bridge was once destroyed in flood for three times and being rebuilt time and again. The last reconstruction of this bridge was in the first year of Yongzheng (1723 AD).

Later, a prefect of Zhengyuan built a tower-shaped building, named “Imperial House” on the surface of Zhuzheng Bridge. Someone also called it “Kuixing House”（Head-Star House）.

The “Imperial House” was a three-stored octagonal building in the shape of a tower, on which a glass gourd was decorated. From the surface of the bridge to the top of the tower, it has a height of 15 meters, being the most magnificent one among Zhengyuan pavilion buildings.

Here is an ancient transportation hub. To the east, you can reach the

lower-middle reaches of Yangtze River areas. To the west, you can reach Guizhou, Kunming, Chongqing, Chengdu and other places.（吴兰芳翻译）

青龙洞

现在大家将要参观的是青龙洞古建筑群，这座古建筑群有青龙洞、紫禅书院、中禅院、万寿宫、祝圣桥和香炉岩6部分，集儒、道、佛、会馆、桥梁及驿道建筑文化于一身，分别采用了“吊”、“借”、“附”、“嵌”、“筑”等多种工艺，在一段悬崖上筑出中元洞、紫阳洞、青龙洞、万寿宫等一片阁楼洞天，气势雄伟、构思大胆、布局精巧。为江南汉地建筑与西南少数民族山地建筑文化相结合的绝妙典范。有“西南悬空寺”之称，是贵州省规模最大的古建筑群。1988年经批准被列为国家级重点文物保护单位。

现在大家来到的这一段名叫中元禅院，当地人称“中元洞”，也称“北洞”。这组建筑群有大佛殿、望星楼、独柱亭以及它们背面的六角亭。这组建筑始建于1530年，也就是明代中期的嘉靖九年。距今大约470年。这一建筑群后来在明代晚期毁于火灾，以后又于前清康熙五年（1666年）重建。而现存建筑则是晚清时期重建的。

现在来到的这里是紫阳书院。地方人士通称“紫阳洞”，因为这组建筑是建在石崖洞口的一些石岩上的。北侧的这栋建筑叫圣人殿。中间这栋叫老君殿。南侧的这栋叫考祠。还有最南端石岩上的小停叫“三角亭”。这组建筑也是始建于1530年，即明嘉靖九年。不过现在留存下来的也是晚清建筑。

最初，这组建筑是为了纪念宋代著名理学家朱熹，而这里作为一座书院的目的就是为了传播孔孟儒学。于是这儿便成了黔东南最早的文化教育中心之一。

现在来到的青龙洞寺，它包括山门、正乙宫、吕祖殿、观音殿与玉皇阁等建筑物。这组建筑群位于中河山石崖南部。始建于明洪武21年（公元1388年），大约距今610年以前。在稍后的几个王朝，这里又增建了许多建筑。到了时代中期，大约距今470年前，这片建筑群已被扩建到相当于现在规模。不过，以后就火烧毁了两三次。现存建筑物均为清代建筑。

现在请看，玉皇阁正殿由两部分组成。前面部分是紧贴洞口而悬空建造的双重檐庑殿顶厅堂；而后部则是利用于然洞身形成主要殿堂。这个洞就是从前清时期以来史志记载和地方群众通称为“青龙洞”。不过在此以前的时代，这里则称为“太和洞”或“南洞”。这里供祀着一尊玉皇大帝。大帝两旁有金童玉女木雕像。这位“玉皇”就如同“中国的上帝”一样，他主宰和统治着天堂与人间。

在玉皇殿的北侧厅堂二楼上有一小房，称为“望江楼”。这里紧靠石崖，并且接近崖顶。是这片建筑群的最高点。从这儿，我们可以遥望镇远城。如果我们从这里仔细地观望镇远城池，你就会发觉这是一座四面环山、中间夹水的城市。市区被舞阳河一分为二；北岸与府城，南岸与卫城。在明、清两代，镇远府的府台衙门和镇远驻军的中衡衙门（将军司令部）都分别设在这两座城里。中华人民共和国成立后（后），在20世纪50年代，这里曾一度作为黔东南（苗族、侗族）自治州的首府。

现在大家来到的地方是万寿宫，也称“江西会馆”，是镇远会馆之一。从南到北，万寿宫有山门牌坊，古戏楼、厢楼、杨泗将军殿、客堂、许真君殿以及文公祠。这组建筑中最有特色的就是别具一格的古戏楼，是一座传统形势的木结构建筑，具有

精致装饰的飞檐歇山屋顶。在舞台楼板周围三方，有三块精雕细刻的传统戏文图木雕若干幅，其中人物性格鲜明、栩栩如生。

最后，大家来到的万寿宫山门，最具价值的就是山门牌坊上两幅生动逼真的砖雕，砖雕装饰图案显示出青龙洞附近的古建筑群全景，包括山水林泉和亭台楼阁。两块砖雕可以说是保留下来的珍奇文物。

好了，我们的整个参观就到此结束了。 谢谢大家！ 青龙洞

Qinglong Cave (Green dragon cave)

现在大家将要参观的是青龙洞古建筑群，这座古建筑群有青龙洞、紫禅书院、中禅院、万寿宫、祝圣桥和香炉岩6部分，集儒、道、佛、会馆、桥梁及驿道建筑文化于一身，分别采用了“吊”、“借”、“附”、“嵌”、“筑”等多种工艺，在一段悬崖上筑出中元洞、紫阳洞、青龙洞、万寿宫等一片阁楼洞天，气势雄伟、构思大胆、布局精巧。为江南汉地建筑与西南少数民族山地建筑文化相结合的绝妙典范。有“西南悬空寺”之称，是贵州省规模最大的古建筑群。1988年经批准被列为国家级重点文物保护单位。

Now, we are visiting Qinglong ancient building. The Qinglong ancient building can be divided into six parts, which are Qinglong Cave, Zichan Academy, Middle Temple, Wanshou Palace, Zhusheng Bridge, and Xianglu Rock. From this building, we can see the effect of Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism, assembly hall building culture, bridge building culture, and posthouse building culture. To build this building, our ancestors adopt various technologies, for example, suspension, Add-ons, nesting, and foundry, and build Zhongyuan Cave, Ziyang Cave, Qinglong Cave, and

Wanshou Cave on the cliff. This building is magnificent, fantastic, and remarkable. This building is a wonderful example of the combination of the Han nationality building culture and minority building culture. This building is also called „south-west xuankong temple‟and is largest building in Guizhou Province. The State Council has listed this building as State-level key units of cultural relics protection in 1988.

现在大家来到的这一段名叫中元禅院，当地人称“中元洞”，也称“北洞”。这组建筑群有大佛殿、望星楼、独柱亭以及它们背面的六角亭。这组建筑始建于1530年，也就是明代中期的嘉靖九年。距今大约470年。这一建筑群后来在明代晚期毁于火灾，以后又于前清康熙五年（1666年）重建。而现存建筑则是晚清时期重建的。

Now, we are arriving at Zhongyuan Temple, which is called Zhongyuan Cave or North Cave by the local people. There are Dafo Palace, Wangxing Building, Duzhu kiosk, and Liujiao kiosk in this temple. This temple was raised in 1530, that is the ninth year of Jiajing of Ming dynasty. This temple was rebuild in the fifth year of Kangxi of Qing dynasty, that is 1666, because it was destroyed by the fire at the end of Ming dynasty. So, this temple is the temple which is rebuild in Qing dynasty.

现在来到的这里是紫阳书院。地方人士通称“紫阳洞”，因为这组建筑是建在石崖洞口的一些石岩上的。北侧的这栋建筑叫圣人殿。中间这栋叫老君殿。南侧的这栋叫考祠。还有最南端石岩上的小停叫“三角亭”。这组建筑也是始建于1530年，即明嘉靖九年。不过现在留存下来的也是晚清建筑。

最初，这组建筑是为了纪念宋代著名理学家朱熹，而这里作为一座书院的目的就是为了传播孔孟儒学。于是这儿便成了黔东南最早的文化教育中心之一。

Now, we are arriving Ziyang Academy. It is called Ziyang Cave by the local people because it is build on some rocks of a cave. The northern building is called Shenren Palace. The middle building is called Laojun Palace. The southern building is called Kao Temple. The southernmost building is called Triangle kiosk. This Academy was raised in 1530, that is the ninth year of Jiajing of Ming dynasty. So, this Academy is the Academy which is rebuild in Qing dynasty.

At the beginning, this Academy was built to commemorate the famous thinker Zhu xi and to disseminate the Confucianism. So, this academy is one of the earliest culture center of the south-east of Guizhou Province.

现在来到的青龙洞寺，它包括山门、正乙宫、吕祖殿、观音殿与玉皇阁等建筑物。这组建筑群位于中河山石崖南部。始建于明洪武21年（公元1388年），大约距今610年以前。在稍后的几个王朝，这里又增建了许多建筑。到了时代中期，大约距今470年前，这片建筑群已被扩建到相当于现在规模。不过，以后就火烧毁了两三次。现存建筑物均为清代建筑。

Now, we are arriving Qing long dong temple. Qing long dong temple contains Shanmen, Zhengyi Palace, Lvzu Palace, Guanyin Palace, Yuhuang pavilion, and so on. This temple is located at the south of Zhong Heshan Cliff. This temple was raised in 1388, that is the 21st year of Hongwu of Ming dynasty. From then on, some new buildings were buid. At the middle of Ming dynasty, this temple was very magnificent. However, it was destroyed by the fire at the end of Ming

dynasty. So, this temple is the temple which is rebuild in Qing dynasty.

现在请看，玉皇阁正殿由两部分组成。前面部分是紧贴洞口而悬空建造的双重檐庑殿顶厅堂；而后部则是利用天然洞身形成主要殿堂。这个洞就是从前清时期以来史志记载和地方群众通称为的“青龙洞”。不过在此以前的时代，这里则称为“太和洞”或“南洞”。这里供祀着一尊玉皇大帝。大帝两旁有金童玉女木雕像。这位“玉皇”就如同“中国的上帝”一样，他主宰和统治着天堂与人间。

Now look at the main hall of the Yuhuang Palace which is composed of two parts, the front part and the after part. The front part is the Hall,which clings to to the mouth of the cave and is built in the air. And the after part is the main palace which is constructed out of the natural cave. Before the Early Qing Dynasty, the natural cave was called \"Taihe Cave\" or \"South Cave\since that time,it has been called Qinglong Cave. In the cave, there is a statue of Jade Emperor, with the wooden image of the Golden Boy on one side and the wooden image of the Jade Maiden on the other side. This Jade Emperor is like Chinese God, dominating heaven and earth.

在玉皇殿的北侧厅堂二楼上有一小房，称为“望江楼”。这里紧靠石崖，并且接近崖顶。是这片建筑群的最高点。从这儿，我们可以遥望镇远城。如果我们从这里仔细地观望镇远城池，你就会发觉这是一座四面环山、中间夹水的城市。市区被舞阳河一分为二；北岸与府城，南岸与卫城。在明、清两代，镇远府的府台衙门和镇远驻军的中衡衙门（将军司令部）都分别设在这两座城里。中华人民共和国成立后（后），在20世纪50年代，这里曾一度作为黔东南（苗族、侗族）自治州的首府。

In the north of the Yuhuang Palace, there is a small house on the second floor of the Hall called River-watching Pavilion. It is close to the cliff and almost as tall as the the cliff top. It is the peak of the building climax. Standing on it, we can look into the distance of Zhenyuan and find that Zhenyuan is a beautiful city surrounded by mountains and rivers. The downtown of Zhenyuan is split into two, the north the prefectural city and the south the acropolis. It was important in the Qing and Ming dynacities and was once the capital of Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture.

现在大家来到的地方是万寿宫，也称“江西会馆”，是镇远会馆之一。从南到北，万寿宫有山门牌坊，古戏楼、厢楼、杨泗将军殿、客堂、许真君殿以及文公祠。这组建筑中最有特色的就是别具一格的古戏楼，是一座传统形势的木结构建筑，具有精致装饰的飞檐歇山屋顶。在舞台楼板周围三方，有三块精雕细刻的传统戏文图木雕若干幅，其中人物性格鲜明、栩栩如生。

The last place we are in now is the gate door of the Wanshou Palace. The two brick carvings on the Gate Door Memorial Arch are extremely valuable, which are the precious cultural relics. The pictures on the two brick carvings epitomes

the

panorama

of

the

group

of

the

buildings,including mountains, springs, pavilions and temples, near the Qinglong Cave.

最后，大家来到的万寿宫山门，最具价值的就是山门牌坊上两幅生动逼真的砖雕，砖雕装饰图案显示出青龙洞附近的古建筑群全景，包括山水林泉和亭台楼阁。两块砖雕可以说是保留下来的珍奇文物。

Now we arrive at the Wanshou Palace which is also called Jiangxi Hall. It is one of the Eight Halls in Zhenyuan. From the south to the north, the group of the buildings in the Wanshou Palace are the Gate Door Memorial Arch, the Ancient Stage Platform, Loft, the Palace of General Yangsi, Living Room, the Palace of Xu Zhenjun and Wengong Shrine. The Ancient Stage Platform is the most special among the group of the buildings with traditional wooden architecture and delicate roof.In front of the stage, on both side of the stage, there is a picture with vivid wooden images.

好了，我们的整个参观就到此结束了。

Our whole visit will come to the end now. 谢谢大家！

Many thanks to you! （高建荣翻译）