初中英语完形填空方法技巧总结

初中英语专题 完形填空

完形填空的命题特征：

一、情景意义选择为主,语法选择填空为辅

完形填空着眼于整体理解,要注意上下句的逻辑关系以及整篇文章的情景意义,尤其是在需要填连接性词语时更需要上下文提供的线索。完形填空题中干扰项的干扰,一般与语法结构无太大关系,重在文意干扰。因此,只要把握了文意和具体的语境,通过对词义的辨析,一些错误的干扰项就容易被排除。

二、实词为主,虚词为辅

完形填空的命题是在一句话中的关键词语上做文章。这种词语大多是名词、动词、形容词、副词等实词,当然也不排除能左右文章内容的一些虚词,如介词、连词等。

三、保留提示句、注重首句

首句通常不设选项。这是因为第一句是核心句,是观察全文的窗口,对熟悉语境、确定时态、推测文章大意等起着关键性的作用。

四、逻辑性强,结构严谨,层次分明,注重快速领悟文章主旨

完形填空题的特点在于人为地设置了很多空格,使文章支离破碎、残缺不全,这就造成了理解上的障碍。需要跳过空格,快速领悟文章主旨。这样才能保证思路连贯,在理解的过程中迅速抓住文章的中心意思。

解答完形填空,我们一般分三步走：

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第一步：通读全文,掌握大意

通读全文,掌握大意是做好完形填空的第一步。要不惜时间,通读全文,从整体上把握文章的脉络,把握作者的思维轨迹,猎取重要信息。注意文章的首句,第一句话常是全文表达的精髓所在,一般是点题句,作者一般会在文章一开始开宗明义,向读者显示出这段文字的体裁、形式、涉及的内容和意图。

第二步：瞻前顾后,结合选项,先易后难,各个击破

在理解全文意思的基础上,结合所给选项,联系上下文,注意从上下文语法结构和词语搭配及从选择项中寻找解题提示,以词句的意义为先,再从分析句子结构入手,根据短文意思、语法规则、词语固定搭配等进行综合考虑,对备选项逐一进行分析、比较和筛选,排除干扰项、初步选定答案。动笔时要瞻前顾后、通篇考虑、先易后难。对比较明显直接的、自己最有把握的答案先做,一下子不能确定答案的,先跳过这一空格,继续往下做,最后回过头来再集中精力解决难点。这时可结合已确定答案的选项再读一遍短文,随着对短文理解的深入,可以降低试题的难度,提高选择的正确率。

在这个步骤中我们可以采用以下一些技巧寻求题目的正确解答:

1、通晓上下文意,注意习惯搭配

2、明确文章语境,搞清词语差异

完形填空选项的设置一般均属于同一词类,有的甚至在意义上也非常接近。平时记忆单词时,要在例句中把握其用法并能在考试中结合语境,比较四个选项的细微差别,推敲什么是最佳答案。

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3、探究前后逻辑,确定连接词汇

连接词是语篇的纽带,也是相关语句信息的结合点。命题人常在这些关节上设置题目,考查学生能力。解题时,要仔细分析推理前后的逻辑关系,确定选项。

4、利用语法关联,推理最佳选项

完型填空的考查比较淡化语法,但一个语义连贯的语篇必须通过省略、指代、时间或地点关联等语法关系来实现。因此,命题人常利用这些关联“制造语境”,设置考点。考生解题时可利用这些语法关系对句子进行分析、判断并推理出最佳选项。

第三步：要仔细推敲,复校全文

填完空格后,把答案放回短文的空格处,将弥补完整的全文从头至尾读一遍,以确保上下文的顺畅合理。有些答案局部看来很合理,有些句觉得语感搭配很顺口,但是注意从上下文的语言联系来看又充满了矛盾,这时候应该做到局部服从整体,对所选的答案进行及时的修改。填完所有的空格以后,对于短文的含义和结构,已经有了比较清晰的了解,这时候在校对的过程当中,对于一些难以作出最后抉择的这种空格往往比较容易选出正确答案。

完形填空测试题

What do you do at the weekend ? Some people like to 1 at home, but others like to go 2 a walk or play football. My friends Jack works hard in a factory during the 3 . At the weekend, he always 4 the same thing. On Saturday he 5 his car and on 6 he goes with his family to a village by car. His uncle and aunt have a farm there. It isn’t a 7 one, but there’s always 8 to do on a farm. The children help with the animals and give them their

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9 . Jack and his wife help in the fields . At the end of the day, they are all 10 and Jack’s aunt gives them a big meal.

( )1.A. play B. stay C. live D. enjoy

( )2.A. to B. in C. at D. for

( )3.A. day B. time C. autumn D. weekdays

( )4.A. does B. make C. borrows D. has

( )5.A. watches B. washes C. driving D. sells

( )6.A. Monday B. Saturday C. Sunday D. Tuesday

( )7.A. big B. small C. hard D. short

( )8.A. little B. much C. fast D. far

( )9.A. clothes B. places C. food D. balls

( )10.A. clean B. late C. hungry D. friendly

The Spring Festival(春节) is the Chinese New Year’s Day. It usually comes 1 February. Everyone in China 2 the Spring Festival very much. When the Spring Festival 3 , Li Hong usually 4 his parents clean their house and 5 some shopping and other housework. On that 6 everyone in China eats dumplings, New Year’s cakes, and other

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good 7 . Li Hong likes New Year’s cakes. But Wang Hai says dumplings are 8 than New Year’s cakes. The Chinese people 9 the New Year’s cakes and dumplings in their houses . How 10 they are! ( )1.A. after B. on C. in D. by

( )2.A. has B. like C. remembers D. likes

( )3.A. goes B. comes C. reaches . hears

( )4.A. helps B. makes C. gets D. takes

( )5.A. buys B. does C. goes D. carries

( )6.A. morning B. evening C. day D. afternoon

( )7.A. food B. drinks C. vegetable D. fruit

( )8.A. smaller B. better C. bigger D. sweeter

( )9.A. find out B. buy C. eat D. sell

( )10.A. happy B. delicious C. lovely D. great

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