Unit 1(单元测试)2023-2024学年八年级英语下册同步备课系列(人教版)

单元测试

一、根据首字母完成单词。

1．He's got both a headache and a sore throat and is having a high f_________ . 2．It will be a dangerous trip.Are you sure you want to take the r_________? 3．When we face difficulties, we should have a strong s _________. 4．A few p_________got on the bus just now.

5．Mike put himself in a dangerous s_________when he climbed the tree to get the honey. 【答案】1．fever 2．risk 3．spirit 4．passengers 5．situation 【解析】1．句意：他头疼和嗓子疼，在发高烧。根据He's got both a headache and a sore throat和首字母，可知是fever发烧；故填fever

2．句意：它会是一次危险的旅行，你确定你想冒险吗？根据It will be a dangerous trip.和首字母，可知是risk冒险；根据take the risk冒险；故填risk

3．句意：当我们面对困难时，我们应该有坚强的精神。根据When we face difficulties,和首字母，可知是spirit精神；故填spirit

4．句意：一些乘客刚才上了公共汽车。根据got on the bus和首字母，可知是passenger乘客，根据a few可知用复数；故填passengers

5．句意：当麦克爬树拿蜂蜜的时候，他让他自己处于危险处境中。根据when he climbed the tree to get the honey.和put himself in a dangerous和首字母，可知是situation形式，情况；故填situation

二、根据句意及汉语提示写单词，完成句子。 1．世界各地的医生还不能确定他们能够控制MERS．

Doctors around the world are not sure that they can be________ ________ ________MERS. 2．令我们惊讶的是，他拒绝去参加那次聚会。 ________ ________ ________ ,he refused to go to the party. 3．这部手机不错，但是遗憾的是我的钱花光了。

The mobile phone is nice. But it's a pity that my money________ ________. 4．越来越多的学生习惯查阅英语电子字典。

More and more students ________ ________ _________ _______up the English e-dictionary.

5．当小孩子遇到麻烦时，他们总是向父母求助.

When children________ ________ _________ , they always ask their parents for help. 【答案】1． in control of 2． To our surprise 3． ran out 4． are used to looking 5． get into trouble

【解析】1．世界各地的医生还不能确定他们能够控制MERS。根据be in control of控制---；故填(1). in (2). control (3). of

2．令我们惊讶的是，他拒绝去参加那次聚会。根据to one’s surprise令某人惊讶的是；故填(1). To (2). our (3). surprise

3．这部手机不错，但是遗憾的是我的钱花光了。根据run out花光，根据句意可知是过去时态；故填(1). ran (2). out

4．越来越多的学生习惯查阅英语电子字典。根据be used to doing sth习惯做某事，根据look up查找；故填(1). are (2). used (3). to (4). looking

5．当小孩子遇到麻烦时，他们总是向父母求助.。根据get into trouble遇到麻烦；故填(1). get (2). into (3). Trouble

三、单项选择。

1．They ________ a tent by the lake and had a picnic. A．put on 【答案】B

【详解】句意：他们在湖边搭起帐篷，去野餐。考查动词短语辨析。put on穿上；put up张贴，挂起，搭建；put off推迟；put out扑灭。根据“a tent”可知，应该使用“put up”，表示“搭建帐篷”。故选B。

2．（2020·江西·中考真题）When you go rock climbing, you need to be careful so that you don’t have a(n) ________. A．chance 【答案】B

【详解】句意：当你去攀岩时，你要小心，以免发生意外。考查名词辨析。chance机会；accident意外；secret秘密；action行动。句中提到了rock climbing攀岩，这是一个危险的运动，结合句中“you need to be careful”可知，这里是提醒小心不要发生意外。故选B。

3．My sister plays music too loud. I think she ______ turn it down.

B．accident

C．secret

D．action

B．put up

C．put off

D．put out

A. should 【答案】A

B. can C. shouldn't D. mustn't

【解析】句意：我妹妹的音乐太吵了，我想她应该把声音关小些。考查情态动词辨析题。A. should应该；B. can能；C. shouldn't不应该；D. mustn't不必。turn it down把音量调小些。根据句意，可知BCD三项都与句意不合，故选A。 4．—______ —I have a toothache. A. What's wrong with you? C. What's your trouble? 【答案】D

【解析】句意：——你怎么了？——我牙疼。考查日常交际用语。ABC三项都可以用于询问别人出了什么毛病，故选D。

5．Don’t _________ the dog. It’s dangerous, it’ll bite you. A．play with 【答案】A

【详解】句意：不要和狗玩。这很危险，它会咬你。考查动词短语和祈使句。Don’t后跟动词原形构成祈使句的否定形式，排除D；play玩；play for为……而玩；play with同……一起玩。根据“It’s dangerous, it’ll bite you.”可知，此处指“和狗一起玩”，故选A。

6．（2020·重庆·中考真题）Boys and girls, you should look after ________ when your parents are not at home. A．himself 【答案】C

【详解】句意：孩子们，父母不在家的时候，你们要照顾好自己。考查反身代词辨析。himself他自己；herself她自己；yourselves你们自己；themselves他们自己。根据句中“Boys and girls”可知，这句话是对很多孩子们说的，主语是you，第二人称，因此这里应指代的是“你们自己”。故选C。

7．_______ the doctor, she was saved in time and now she is getting better and better. A. Because C. Thanks for 【答案】B

【解析】句意：多亏了医生，她被及时得救了，现在她越来越好了。考查介词短语。A. Because因为，连词，后接句子；B. Thanks to幸亏，由于；C. Thanks for因为…而感谢；

B. Thanks to D. With the help

B．herself

C．yourselves

D．themselves

B．play

C．play for

D．to play

B. What's the matter with you? D. A，B and C

D. With the help在…的帮助下。根据句中的信息she was saved in time and now she is getting better and better. 她被及时得救了，现在她越来越好了。推知此处句意应为“多亏了医生”，故答案选B。

8．If you watch ______TV，you'll be ______tired. A. much too；too much C. much too；much too 【答案】D

【解析】句意：如果你看太多电视，你就会太累了。考查副词短语和形容词短语辨析。much too和too much都表示“许多/大量”，但much too相当于too，但语气更强，后接形容词或副词；too much相当于much，但语气更强，修饰动词或接不可数名词。watch TV看电视，动词短语；tired劳累的，形容词。根据句意，可知选D。

9．When the bus gets to the bus station, some people __________ from the front door and some people __________ from the back door.

A. get off; get on C. get on; get off 【答案】C

【解析】根据题意“当公交车到车站后，一些人从前门上车，一些从后门下车” 10．（2020·内蒙古兴安盟·中考真题）-I tried to make Alice ___________ her mind but I found it difficult.

-Well, I saw you __________that when I went past. A．changed; do 【答案】D

【详解】句意：——我尽量让爱丽丝改变她的想法，但是我发现很难。——当我经过的时候，我看见你在做那件事。make sb do sth使某人做某事；see sb do sth看到某人做过某事，已经做完；see sb doing sth看见某人在做某事，还在做；第一空排除AB；第二空排除C，根据题意，故选D。

四、句型转换。

1．I have a pain in my head today. (改为同义句) I ________ ________ _________ today. 【答案】 have a headache

B．changes; doing

C．change; to do

D．change; doing

B. get up; get off D. get on; get up B. too much；too much D. too much；much too

【详解】句意：我今天头疼。原句“have a pain in my head”意思是“头疼”，还可以表达为have a headache，句子是一般现在时，主语是I，动词用原形。故填have；a；headache。 2．She didn’t come back because she was ill. (改为同义句) She didn’t come back ________ ________ her illness. 【答案】 because of

【详解】句意：她没有回来，因为她病了。because引导的原因状语从句可改为“because of+名词性短语”。becuase of“因为”。故填because；of。

3．The boy is so strong that he can carry the heavy box himself. (改为简单句) The boy is ________ ________ ________ carry the heavy box himself. 【答案】 strong enough to

【详解】句意：这个男孩很强壮，他自己能搬这个重箱子。so ... that可转化为... enough to do sth.，意为“足够……可以做某事”；is后接strong作表语。故填strong；enough；to。

4．No one can live if he doesn’t breathe. (同义句转换) No one can live _________ ________ 【答案】 without breathing

【详解】句意：如果不呼吸，没人可以活下去。由上句意思知所填空处表示“不呼吸”，without“没有”，介词，breathe“呼吸”，动词，介词without后跟动名词作宾语，without breathing“不呼吸”。故填without；breathing。

5．If you run out of your money, you can’t buy the book.(改为同义句） If your money ________ ________, you can’t buy the book. 【答案】 runs out

【详解】句意：如果你的钱花光了，你就不能买书了。run out of，花光，主语是人；run out，花光，主语是物，空处所在句子的主语是your money，物，应用run out；根据主句“you can’t buy the book.”时态可知，从句应是一般现在时，主语“your money”是第三人称单数形式，故动词后要加s。故填runs；out。

五、语法填空。

用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整、正确。每个单词限用一次，每空只填一个单词。（有两个为多余词）

excite, volunteer, difficulty, kindly, train, understand, cheer, different, open, journey, change, imagine I volunteered for four weeks in a children’s home in Kathmandu, and it was a wonderful experience. After a long 1．, I arrived at the orphanage（孤儿院）and saw the children. It was an excellent way to get to know them and 2． them up. All the children were clever and 3．. The orphanage became my home and the children were so grateful for the help of 4．. Though the place was poor and there were lots of 5．, they were happy. They got a lot of help from having a teacher, practicing their English and doing their homework. When we played games together, they were all 6．. When I taught them English, they 7． me quickly. A volunteer can bring new information, education and ideas to the children’s home, and can 8． their eyes to the world. And all these make a great 9． to the children and will also 10． their lives. 【答案】 1．journey 2．cheer 3．kind 4．volunteers 5．difficulties 6．excited 7．understood 8．open 9．difference 10．change

【分析】本文作者讲述了自己的一次难忘的经历——在加德满都的一个孤儿院做了四周的志愿者。

1．句意：经过一趟长途旅行，我到达了孤儿院并看到了孩子们。由空前的“a”可知空处应填单数名词，结合语境可知此处表示“长途旅行之后”，journey“旅行”，名词，符合语境。故填journey。

2．句意：这是一个很好的方式去了解他们，并让他们高兴起来。根据“It was an excellent way to get to know them and...them up.”可知，此处是指“让孤儿院的孩子高兴起来”，“cheer sb. up”是固定短语，意为“使某人高兴”，符合语境，又因为上文有“an excellent way to”修饰，应用动词原形cheer。故填cheer。

3．句意：所有的孩子都聪明善良。通过“were clever and …”可知，此处应用形容词原形作表语，又根据备选单词可知，此处指“孩子们聪明善良”，“kindly”表示“善良地”，副词，形容词为kind“善良的”，符合语境。故填kind。

4．句意：孤儿院成了我的家，孩子们非常感谢志愿者的帮助。通过上文“I volunteered for four weeks…”可知，作者去孤儿院是做志愿者，根据备选单词可知，此处指“志愿者的帮助”，volunteer“志愿者”，可数名词，又根据语境可知，此处应用复数，故填volunteers。

5．句意：虽然这个地方很穷，也有很多困难，但他们很快乐。通过“there were lots of”可知此处填复数名词，根据备选单词和上文的提示“the place was poor”，可知此处指“有很多的困难”，difficulty“困难”，名词，复数为difficulties。故填difficulties。 6．句意：当我们一起玩游戏时，他们都很兴奋。通过“they were all…”，此处可填形容词作表语，根据备选单词和上文提示“When we played games together”可知，此处指“他们都兴奋”，excite“使兴奋”，动词，修饰人用形容词excited，意为“感到兴奋的”。故填excited。

7．句意：当我教他们英语时，他们很快就能理解我。通过“they … me quickly”可知，空格处填动词作谓语，又根据“When I taught them English”可知，时态为一般过去时；根据备选单词和上文提示“When I taught them English”可知，此处指“理解我”，understand“理解”，动词，过去式为understood。故填understood。

8．句意：一名志愿者可以为儿童之家带来新的信息、教育和思想，并开阔他们看世界的眼界。根据“can…their eyes to the world”可知，此处填动词原形，又根据备选单词可知，此处指“开阔眼界”，open“打开”，动词，open one’s eyes意为“开阔某人的眼界”，符合语境。故填open。

9．句意：所有这些都对孩子们产生了巨大的影响，也将改变他们的生活。通过”make a great…to”和备选单词可知，此处填名词，指“产生了巨大的影响”，different“不同的”，形容词，其名词形式为“difference”，意为“不同之处”，“make a great difference”意为“对……产生巨大的影响”。故填difference。

10．句意：所有这些都对孩子们产生了巨大的影响，也将改变他们的生活。通过“will also…their lives”可知，此处填动词作谓语，根据备选单词和句意可知，此处指“改变他们的生活”，change“改变”，动词，助动词will后跟动词原形。故填change。

六、完形填空。

Cowboys have lived and worked in the west and south—west of the United States for

over three centuries and they are a famous symbol of the USA．When you watch those old Hollywood cowboy films from the fifties and sixties, you see a job. You see a 1 of freedom and adventure (冒险). However, the real job of an American cowboy has always been 2 and sometimes dangerous. It is physical with long hours and low pay.

Life hasn’t 3 much for cowboys since the early days. Cows walk across huge plains (草原) to 4 the grass and the cowboy rides on his horse to bring 5 home. Like the cowboys of the past, a 21st century cowboy 6 gets up early on freezing cold mornings and makes breakfast over a fire.

So why does a man—because it is usually a man—become a cowboy? For some, it isn't a 7 , because they are born into the life. They have worked with 8 since they were children. They 9 the traditional cowboy culture: “It’s a real life about you, your horse and the open 10 .”

Some people choose the job 11 in life. Pat had an office job with the US government with high pay, 12 he didn’t like city life and spending all day inside. So one day, he 13 his job and moved to a ranch (牧场) in Texas, making much less money 14 a cowboy. He wanted job satisfaction. And for a cowboy, job satisfaction doesn’t come from the money or a comfortable office. It comes from being 15 to wake up under the sky and being your own boss. 1．A．life 2．A．interesting 3．A．got 4．A．catch 5．A．it 6．A．just 7．A．problem 8．A．parents 9．A．create 10．A．country 11．A．later 12．A．so 13．A．looked for 14．A．for

B．place B．boring B．paid B．eat B．him B．still B．choice B．brothers B．miss B．culture B．early B．and B．took up B．as

C．way C．hard C．done C．touch C．her C．even C．plan C．cows C．love C．mind C．quickly C．since C．gave up C．with

D．day D．easy D．changed D．take D．them D．never D．dream D．sheep D．refuse D．cowboy D．suddenly D．but D．cared about D．like

15．A．relaxed B．slow C．late D．free

【答案】ACDBD BBCCA ADCBD

【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍美国牛仔自由而又冒险的生活。 1．句意：你看到了一种自由和冒险的生活。life生活；place地方；way方法；day天。根据“freedom and adventure”可知此处用名词life表示“生活”。故选A。 2．句意：然而，一个美国牛仔的真正工作总是很难的有时是危险的。interesting有趣的；boring无聊的；hard艰难的；easy容易的。根据“It is physical with long hours and low pay”可知此处用形容词hard表示“难的”。故选C。

3．句意：自从早期，牛仔的生活就没有什么改变。got得到；paid付款；done做；changed改变。根据“Like the cowboys of the past”可知此处表示“没什么变化”用动词changed。故选D。

4．句意：奶牛走过广阔的草原去吃草。catch赶上；eat吃；touch接触；take带走，花。根据cows和grass可知此处用动词eat表示“吃”。故选B。

5．句意：牛仔骑在马上带它们回家。it它；him他；her她；them他们。根据cows可知此处用them表示“它们”指代那些奶牛。故选D。

6．句意：像过去的奶牛一样，21世纪的奶牛仍在寒冷的早上早起，在火上做早饭。just只是；still仍；even甚至；never从不。根据“Like the cowboys of the past”可知此处用副词still表示“仍旧”。故选B。

7．句意：对一些人来说，这不是一个选择，因为出生如此。problem问题；choice选择；plan计划；dream梦想。根据“because they are born into the life”可知此处用名词choice表示“选择”。故选B。

8．句意：自从他们还是孩子的时候，就和奶牛一起工作。parents父母；brothers兄弟；cows奶牛；sheep绵羊。根据前文“Cows walk across huge plains”可知此处用名词cows。故选C。

9．句意：他们爱这种传统的牛仔文化“这是你、你的马和旷野的真正生活。”create创造；miss错过；love爱；refuse拒绝。此处用动词love表示“热爱”。故选C。 10．句意：他们爱这种传统的牛仔文化“这是你、你的马和旷野的真正生活。”country国家；culture文化；mind心理；cowboy牛仔。此处用open country表示“旷野”。故选A。

11．句意：有些人是后来在生活中选择了这个工作。later后来；early早的；quickly快；suddenly突然。根据上一段“they are born into the life”可知此处讲述的后来选择这个工作的人，用副词later。故选A。

12．句意：帕特在美国有个办公室工作，有高薪，但是他不喜欢城市的生活，不喜欢一天都在室内。

so因此；and和；since自从；but但是。此处表示转折，用连词but。故选D。 13．句意：因此有一天，他放弃了他的工作，搬到德克萨斯州的牧场，作为牛仔赚着少很多的钱。looked for寻找；took up占据；gave up放弃；cared about在意。根据his job可知此处指的是他放弃了的工作，用动词短语gave up。故选C。

14．句意：因此有一天，他放弃了他的工作，搬到德克萨斯州的牧场，作为牛仔赚着少很多的钱。for为了；as作为；with和；like像。根据a cowboy可知此处用介词as表示“作为”。故选B。

15．句意：它来自于在天空下自由的醒过来，成为你自己的主宰。relaxed放松的；slow慢的；late后来；free自由的。根据“wake up under the sky and being your own boss”可知此处用形容词free表示“自由的”。故选D。

七、阅读理解

Medical experts say most Americans do not get enough sleep. They say more Americans need to take a nap—that is to rest for a short period in the middle of the day. They give people advice to sleep lightly before continuing with other activities. The experts say naps might improve health by reducing pressure.

Some European and Latin American companies have supported the idea of napping for many years. They ask people to leave work, go home and have a nap before returning. In the United States, some companies let workers rest simply in their offices. They believe this can help workers make fewer mistakes and also increase the amount of work that a person can do.

Sleep experts say it is likely that people make more mistakes at work than at other times. They say people should not carry out important tasks when they feel sleepy. And they say the best thing to do is to take a nap. About twenty minutes of rest is all you need. Experts say this provides extra energy and can increase your effects until the end of the day. But experts said that a nap should last no more than twenty to thirty minutes. A longer nap will put the body into deep sleep and waking up will be difficult. 1. This passage is probably taken from ___________. A. a story book C. a science fiction

2. What’s the best way to increase workers’ effects?

B. a poster

D. medical magazine

A. Talking with friends. B. Doing relaxing exercises. C. Laughing, smiling and crying.

D. Having a rest for twenty or thirty minutes.

3. What will happen to the workers if they keep on working without any rest? A. They will get a lot of money.

B. They will fail in their jobs and even cause a lot of trouble. C. They will live a happy life in the future.

D. They will feel better after finishing everyday jobs.

4. The meaning of the underlined word “reducing” in the first paragraph is “__________”. A. 加大

B. 缓解

C. 产生

D. 制造

5. The passage mainly talks about____________ . A. taking a nap during the day B the disadvantages of taking a nap

C. Americans who don’t have a nap during the weekends D. the advantages of deep sleep

【答案】1. D 2. D 3. B 4. B 5. A 【解析】文章讲述了午睡的重要性。

1.根据Medical experts say most Americans do not get enough sleep.和Sleep experts say it is likely that people make more mistakes at work than at other times.可推测这是一篇医学文章；故选D

2.根据they say the best thing to do is to take a nap. About twenty minutes of rest is all you need. Experts say this provides extra energy and can increase your effects until the end of the day.可知每天午休20到30分钟是提高工作效率的最好办法；故选D

3.根据Sleep experts say it is likely that people make more mistakes at work than at other times. They say people should not carry out important tasks when they feel sleepy.可知人们在困倦的时候在工作中容易失败甚至造成很多麻烦；故选B

4.根据The experts say naps might improve health by reducing pressure.根据常识可知缓解压力能改善健康状况；故选B

5.根据文章讲述了午睡的重要性。故选A

八、材料作文

近20年来各方面调查表明青少年体质下降，这令人担忧。请你以“ How to Keep Healthy”为题，写一篇60－80词的短文，说说你的看法和建议。 要求：主要包括以下内容，可以适当发挥。开头已给出，不计入总词数。 （1）体质下降的原因。例如：eat too much junk food，have too much homework. （2）合理的健康建议。例如：some useful advice，should do more exercise, have a good eating habit, enough sleep.

How to Keep Healthy

Nowadays students' physical fitness is declining(体质下降）year by year．I think there are some reasons．______________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: How to Keep Healthy

Nowadays students physical fitness is declining year by year． I think there are some reasons.

Students have too much homework to do, so they have little time to have sports Some students eat too much junk food, That’s also bad for their health.

Then, how to keep healthy? Here are some useful suggestions. First, students should do more exercise. Second, students should have a good eating habit. They should eat more vegetables and fruits, and try to eat less junk food. Finally, enough sleep is also very important. They should go to bed early so that they can get enough sleep.

Health is the most important in one’s life Students should try their best to keep healthy. Health is good for their study and development.

【详解】这是一篇要求介绍青少年体质下降原因和保持健康的建议。动笔前先要认真阅读要点，围绕要点组织材料，然后用正确的英语句子把这些内容表达出来，在此基础上亦可适当发挥，注意不要遗漏材料中给出的要点。根据材料可知本文主要是应用一般现在时态，注意标点符号及大小写等问题，不要犯语法错误。注意上下文之间的逻辑关系，语意连贯。