广东省清远市2020-2021学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题
一、阅读选择
If you want to find a book for your sons or daughters, here are some books that you can choose from.
Charlie Thorne and the Last Equation by Stuart Gibbs
The CIA is on a task to find an equation (方程式), which could destroy the world if the bad people get it. For help, they turn to Charlie, a 12-year-old girl who is as smart as Albert Einstein. Children who like exciting mysteries will enjoy reading this book.
AstroNuts
by Jon Scieszka and Steven Weinberg
In AstroNuts, the Earth has been destroyed by humans for thousands of years. Four animals set out from Mount Rushmoret the main office of NASA．Their task is to find a new planet fit for human life. Finally, they discover one: Plant Planet. The story s topic is simple: Don’t harm the planet. Readers who love science fiction (科幻小说) enjoy AstroNuts.
Stargazing by Jen Wang
Christine hears that Moon, who is new in town, is the kind of kid who beats people up for fun. But Moon and her mum come to live with Christine’s family, and the two kids become best friends. Moon even shares a big secret with Christine. Stargazing is based on Jen Wang’s experiences as a child. The story is about the power of friendship.
Roll with It by Jamie Sumner
Roll with It is a story about a 12-year-old girl named Ellie. She has difficulty walking on her own and uses a wheelchair. When Ellie and her mum move to another state to take care of Ellie’s grandpa, she must learn to deal with a new school and new friendships. This book is a must-read for everyone. It's a heartwarming story that really shows the value of family. 1．Whose book tells exciting mysteries? A．Stuart Gibbs.
B．Jon Scieszka.
C．Jen Wang.
D．Jamie Sumner.
2．Which of the following encourages readers to protect the Earth? A．Stargazing. C．Roll with It.
B．AstroNuts.
D．Charlie Thome and the Last Equation.
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3．What’s special about Stargazings A．It mainly discusses animals’ stories. B．It includes much scientific knowledge. C．It is mainly about how to make friends.
D．It is connected with the author’s own experiences. 4．What can we learn about Ellie?
A．She has to solve problems faced in a new place. B．She has trouble communicating with others. C．She is carefully looked after by her grandpa. D．She doesn’t want to go to another slate. 5．Who is this text most probably written for? A．Salesgirls. 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．C 【分析】
这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本适合孩子阅读的书。 【详解】
1.细节理解题。根据题干关键词“exciting mysteries”定位到“Charlie Thorne and the Last Equation”中“Children who like exciting mysteries will enjoy reading this book.”（喜欢神秘刺激的孩子会喜欢读这本书的）；同时结合“by Stuart Gibbs”可知，Stuart Gibbs的书会讲述刺激神秘的故事，选项A符合题意。故选A。
2.细节理解题。根据题干关键词“protect the Earth”定位到文章“AstroNuts”中“The story s topic is simple: Don’t harm the planet. ”（故事的主题很简单：不要伤害地球）可知，这本书的主题是不要破坏地球，所以读AstroNuts这本书可以鼓励读者来保护地球。选项B符合题意。故选B。
3.细节理解题。根据“Stargazing”部分中的第四句“Stargazing is based on Jen Wang’s experiences as a child. ”（Stargazing是基于Jen Wang小时候的经历）可知，Stargazings
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B．Teachers. C．Parents. D．Waiters.
的特别之处在于与作者自己的经历有关。选项D与文意一致。故选D。
4.推理判断题。根据“Roll with It ”部分中的第三句“When Ellie and her mum move to another state to take care of Ellie’s grandpa, she must learn to deal with a new school and new friendships. ”（当 Ellie 和她妈妈搬到另一个州，照顾 Ellie 的爷爷时，她必须学会接受新的学校和新的友谊。）可以推知，Ellie因为搬到新的州，所以她必须适应新的学校，建立新的友谊，所以她必须处理在新的地方遇到的问题。选项A符合题意。故选A。 5.推理判断题。根据第一段“If you want to find a book for your sons or daughters, here are some books that you can choose from.”（如果你想给你的儿子或女儿找本书，这里有一些你可以选择的书。）可以推知，本文是为给孩子找书阅读的父母而写的。选项C与文意一致。故选C。
Warren Edward Buffett was born on August 30, 1930. As the second oldest kid in his family, he has two sisters. He showed an amazing talent (天资) for both money and business at a very early age.
At the age of six, Buffett bought six-packs of Coca-Cola from his grandfather’s store for twenty-five cents and resold each of the bottles for five cents. While other children of his age were playing, Buffett was making money. Five years later, Buffett took his first step into the world of high finance (金融).
He bought three shares (股票) of Cities Service Preferred (CSP) at $38 per share for both himself and his sister, Doris. Shortly after buying them, the shares fell to just over $27 per share. Though Buffett felt frightened, he held his shares until they went up to $40. He immediately sold them ---- a mistake he would soon come to regret, because each share of the CSP went up to $ 200. The experience taught him that investing (投资) needed time and a patient wait.
In 1947, Buffett graduated from high school when he was 17 years old. It was never his plan to go to college. He had already made $5,000 by delivering newspapers. His father had other plans and strongly advised his son to attend the Wharton Business School at the University of Pennsylvania. Buffett only stayed there for two years, saying that he knew more than his professors. He returned home and went to the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Despite working full-time, he managed to graduate in only three years. Buffett approached graduate studies with the same resistance he displayed a few years earlier. He was finally persuaded to apply to Harvard Business School, which refused him because he was too young. Buffett then applied to Columbia University, where he got an experience that would forever
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change his life from famous investors Ben Graham and David Dodd. 6．What do we know about Buffett? A．He didn’t get along well with his sisters. B．He was born in a poor but loving family. C．He often made mistakes during his childhood.
D．He showed a natural ability to do business in childhood.
7．How old was Buffett when he first stepped into the world of high finance? A．Six.
B．Eleven.
C．Seventeen.
D．Nineteen.
8．What did Buffett learn from his experience of buying CSP’s shares? A．Investment needs patience.
B．Regretting is useless in the investment C．Experience is valuable for investment.
D．Mistakes are unavoidable during the investment. 9．Why did Buffett leave the Wharton Business School? A．He wanted to help his grandfather. B．He was not satisfied with his professors. C．He preferred the university in his hometown. D．He showed he was unwilling to make friends there. 10．What’s the last paragraph mainly about? A．Buffett’s interest. C．Buffett’s education. 【答案】 6．D 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．C 【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了巴菲特在金融方面的天赋和受教育的经历。 6．
细节理解题。根据第一段“He showed an amazing talent (天资) for both money and business
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B．Buffett’s family.
D．Buffett’s working experience.
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at a very early age.”（他在很小的时候就在经济和商业方面展现出惊人的天资）可知，巴菲特在儿童时期就在商业上展现出天赋。故选D项。 7．
细节理解题。根据第二段“At the age of six…Five years later, Buffett took his first step into the world of high finance.”（在6岁时……5年后，巴菲特向巨额金融世界迈出第一步）可知，巴菲特在11岁时向巨额金融世界迈出第一步。故选B项。 8．
细节理解题。根据第三段“The experience taught him that investing needed time and a patient wait.”（这次的经历教会他：投资需要时间和耐心的等待）可知，巴菲特买CSP股票的经历教会他：投资需要耐心。故选A项。 9．
推理判断题。根据第四段“Buffett only stayed there for two years, saying that he knew more than his professors.”（巴菲特仅在那儿待了2年，他说自己比教授知道的更多）可推测，巴菲特对他的教授不满意。故选B项。 10．
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“It was never his plan to go to college.”（他从来都没打算上大学）及“He returned home and went to the University of Nebraska-Lincoln.”（他返回家上了内布拉斯加—林肯大学）及“Buffett then applied to Columbia University”（那时巴菲特申请了哥伦比亚大学）可知，本段主要讲述巴菲特的教育情况。故选C项。
Facebook has developed a kind of AI (人工智能), translating between any pair of 100 languages without depending on first translating to English.
Facebook’s system was trained on a data set of 7.5 billion sentence pairs collected from the web across 100 languages, though not all the languages had an equal number of sentence pairs. “What I was really interested in was cutting out English as a middle man. Globally there are plenty of countries where they speak two languages that aren’t English,” says Angela Fan of Facebook AI, who led the work.
For some language pairs, the new system shows prominent improvements in translation quality. For example, translating from Spanish to Portuguese is extremely strong because Spanish is the second-most spoken first language worldwide, meaning the researchers can get a lot of data. Translation between English and Belarusian (白俄罗斯语) also is improved because the AI can translate Russian into English, which shares similarities with Belarusian.
While the system isn’t in use on the social network site, Facebook plans to put it to work
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soon to manage the 20 billion translations made every day when people click “Translate” on posts (帖子) written in more than 160 languages. “Future work will be done on other languages,” says Fan, “especially for languages where we don’t have a lot of data, like South-East Asian and African languages.”
The work “breaks away from the English-centric models and tries to build more different models,” says Shelia Castilho of the ADAPT Centre at Dublin City University, Ireland, “That’s pretty new and different. But it’s hard to know if the AI does a right translation work,” says Castilho. “The users may not know the other language, so they cannot judge the correctness of the translation.”
11．What’s Angela Fan’s purpose of doing the research? A．To collect data of all kinds of people. B．To make learning different languages easier. C．To achieve her dream of becoming a translator. D．To avoid using English as a middle man in translation.
12．What does the underlined word “prominent” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Famous.
B．Important.
C．Obvious.
D．Generous.
13．Why is it easy to translate from Spanish to Portuguese by AI? A．There is much data on Spanish. B．Portuguese is similar to Spanish.
C．Researchers have a good knowledge of the two languages. D．Spanish is spoken by the largest number of people. 14．What is Castilho worried about? A．The safety of AI translation. C．The way of using Facebook. 15．What is the best title for the text? A．Facebook AI Can Talk with the Users B．Facebook Wants to Buy a New System
C．Facebook AI Can Translate Any Pair of 100 Languages D．Facebook Has Lost Many Users 【答案】 11．D
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B．The correctness of AI translation. D．The number of posts on the website.
12．C 13．A 14．B 15．C 【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Facebook开发了一种能翻译100种语言的人工智能，在翻译功能上比较强大，同时表达了开发者希望能有更多的语言数据以及他们担心人工智能翻译的正确性。 11．
细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“What I was really interested in was cutting out English as a middle man. Globally there are plenty of countries where they speak two languages that aren’t English(我真正感兴趣的是不把英语作为中间载体。从全球来看，有很多国家的人除了说英语外，还会说两种语言)”可知，Angela Fan的研究目的是为了避免在翻译中使用英语作为“中间载体”。故选D项。 12．
词句猜测题。分析可知，划线单词所在句为本段主旨句，可根据后文举例理解该句含义，从而推理该词含义。根据后文“For example, translating from Spanish to English is extremely strong because Spanish is the second-most spoken first language worldwide, meaning the researchers can get a lot of data. Translation between English and Belarusian also is improved because the AI can translate Russian into English, which shares similarities with Belarusian.(例如，从西班牙语到英语的翻译非常强大，因为西班牙语是世界上第二大母语，这意味着研究人员可以获得大量数据。英语和白俄罗斯语之间的翻译也得到了改进，因为人工智能可以将俄语翻译成英语，这与白俄罗斯语有相似之处)”可知，举例内容说明了人工智能在从西班牙语到英语的翻译功能很强大，相似语言之间的翻译也有所改进，即主旨句“For some language pairs, the new system shows prominent improvements in translation quality.”含义。由此可推知，划线单词“prominent”应是与“extremely strong”表达相似含义，即“强大的；明显的”。故选C项。 13．
细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“For example, translating from Spanish to Portuguese is extremely strong because Spanish is the second-most spoken first language worldwide, meaning the researchers can get a lot of data.( 例如，从西班牙语到葡萄牙语的翻译非常强大，因为西班牙语是世界上使用人数第二多的第一语言，这意味着研究人员可以获得大
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量数据)”可知，人工智能很容易将西班牙语翻译成葡萄牙语是因为西班牙语的资料数据很多。故选A项。 14．
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段内容“‘…But it’s hard to know if the AI does a right translation work,’ says Castilho. ‘The users may not know the other language, so they cannot judge the correctness of the translation.’(Castilho表示：“但我们很难知道人工智能的翻译”“用户可能不懂另一种语言，”)”可知，工作是否正确。所以他们不能判断翻译的正确性。Castilho担心的是人工智能翻译的正确性。故选B项。 15．
主旨大意题。通过阅读文章可知，文章为说明文，首段揭示了文章的主旨要义“Facebook has developed a kind of AI , translating between any pair of 100 languages without depending on first translating to English.(Facebook开发了一种人工智能，可以在100种语言之间进行翻译，而不需要先翻译成英语)”可知，文章主要是围绕“Facebook已经开发了一种能翻译100种语言的人工智能”而讲述的。选项C“Facebook AI Can Translate Any Pair of 100 Languages(Facebook的人工智能可以翻译100种语言)”贴合文章主旨。故选C项。
二、七选五
It could be time to admit that you have a habit of putting off your tasks because you waste too much time on the Internet. If you are ready to cut down the time that you spend on it , it may seem difficult.16．
Pay attention to the time that you spend on the Internet. 17． Make sure you know how long it takes you to do each task and record exactly what you do. Then determine if an activity is really necessary. You'd be surprised at how much time you actually spend on necessary instead of unnecessary online activities.
18．Though it may feel strange to use technology to stop you from using technology, this is what we face today. To improve your work efficiency (效率)while you are online, use apps that block the access (通道)to websites you always go to. This way will tell you not to jump over to the websites when you have the task to do.
When working, avoid using your phone. With your smart phone at hand, you will waste lots of time on the Internet You have to stop wasting time online. Put away your phone when you are working or studying. 19． So you are unable to check your phone because you don't see it.
Ask others for help. If you can't control yourself and you waste too much time on the
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Internet, it may be time to ask others for help. 20． Your family members can be helpful to you.
A．Keep your phone in another room. B．Block the access to your favorite websites.
C．It is easier for you to control yourself with others' help. D．Here are some methods that help you do with the difficulty. E.Do all of your computer work at the beginning of your project. F.To break the habit, learn how to manage the time you spend online. G.You will find these useful tips can help you solve most of your problems. 【答案】 16．D 17．F 18．B 19．A 20．C 【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了很多人因为浪费时间上网做些没用的事，而把工作延后了，文章介绍了一些方法和建议，来帮助想改变这种情形的人。 16．
上文提到“It could be time to admit that you have a habit of putting off your tasks because you waste too much time on the Internet.If you are ready to cut down the time that you spend on it , it may seem difficult.（是时候承认你有拖延任务的习惯了，因为你浪费了太多的时间在网上。如果你准备减少花在它上的时间，这似乎很难。）”指明了人们拖延任务的问题，且后文提出具体的方法建议，D项“Here are some methods that help you do with the difficulty.（这里有一些方法可以帮助你克服这个困难。）”提出有办法解决问题，承上启下。故选D项。 17．
首句提到“Pay attention to the time that you spend on the Internet.（注意你上网的时间。）”，统领全段内容，可以推断，此处与管理上网时间有关，F项“To break the habit, learn how to manage the time you spend online.（要改掉这个习惯，学习如何管理上网时间。）”承接上文，且“manage the time you spend online”上文“the time that you spend on the Internet”相
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对应。故选F项。 18．
根据后文“Though it may feel strange to use technology to stop you from using technology（虽然用科技来阻止你使用科技可能感觉很奇怪）”和“use apps that block the access (通道)to websites you always go to（屏蔽你经常访问的网站。）”可知，B项“Block the access to your favorite websites.（阻止访问你最喜欢的网站。）”总结了该段内容，且B项与后”相对应。文“block the access (通道)to websites you always go to（屏蔽你经常访问的网站）故选B项。 19．
前文提到“When working, avoid using your phone.（工作时，避免使用手机。）”指明了工作时要避免使用手机，A项“Keep your phone in another room.（把你的手机放在另一个”是避免使用手机的方法，房间。）且与后文“So you are unable to check your phone because you don't see it.（所以你无法查看你的手机，因为你看不到它。）”是因果关系。故选A项。 20．
前文提到“Ask others for help.（向他人寻求帮助）”，C项“It is easier for you to control yourself with others' help.（在别人的帮助下，你会更容易控制自己。）”解释了寻求他人 帮助的原因，符合逻辑；且“others' help”与前文“Ask others for help”相对应。故选C项。
三、完形填空
My grandmother stayed in the nursing home for five years. 21 all of the elders that I got to spend time with there, I couldn’t 22 what it was like for them without any visitors at all.
That day, I saw an old 23 alone on a bench, in the front entrance hall of the nursing home. Earlier he had been trying to 24 Jean with one leg, from his
wheelchair. Jean is a woman who had cerebral palsy (中风) and couldn’t 25 alone in her wheelchair.
I asked if they would mind my pushing Jean the rest of the 26 , Jean said, “Yes, please!” The old man smiled and said, “Thank you.”
Now, this same man was 27 on the bench and as I got closer, he recognized me and smiled. I realized he had only one leg which was dry and a little dirty. Maybe because of the 28 , he was scratching (挠) the leg 29 . I had a cream (药膏) in my bag that seemed to do good to his 30 skin. So I handed the cream to him.
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He couldn’t speak English but spoke to me in his 31 language and tears started to come down his face. I wiped his 32 with a towel (毛巾). He kept 33 and looking at me as if I understood . I didn’t really understand, but I listened and nodded.
We didn’t 34 each other and aren’t blood-related but, at that moment, we shared a 35 that went beyond blood, heart to heart. When I see him again, he may not remember me but I will remember him. 21．A．Dealing with B．Thinking about C．Turning to D．Searching for 22．A．remember 23．A．nurse 24．A．harm 25．A．settle 26．A．way 27．A．frightened 28．A．dirt 29．A．happily 30．A．face 31．A．poor 32．A．hair 33．A．debating 34．A．admit 35．A．connection 【答案】 21．B 22．D 23．C 24．C 25．D 26．A 27．B 28．A 29．C
B．appreciate B．doctor B．calm B．explore B．block B．alone B．steam B．responsibly B．leg B．foolish B．package B．laughing B．know B．disadvantage
C．determine C．man C．push C．escape C．street C．active C．loss C．continuously C．hand C．native C．feet C．bargaining C．calm C．suffering
D．imagine D．partner D．entertain D．move D．yard D．dusty D．type D．universally D．head D．selfish D．tears D．talking D．affect D．medal
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30．B 31．C 32．D 33．D 34．B 35．A 【分析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述作者的祖母在养老院住了有五年了，作者经常去探望，并给读者讲述了在疗养院里遇到一位老人帮助老人的故事。 21．
考查动词短语辨析。句意：一想到所有我曾在这里花时间和他们待在一起的老人，我不能想象没有任何访客他们会是什么样。。A. Dealing with 处理；B. Thinking about 想到；C. Turning to 转向；D. Searching for 搜寻。根据上文“My grandmother stayed in the nursing home for five years.”可知祖母在这家疗养院有五年了，作者很熟悉这里的人，所以作者一想到他们，就很理解他们。故选B。 22．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一想到所有我曾在这里花时间和他们待在一起的老人，我不能想象没有任何访客他们会是什么样。A. remember记得；B. appreciate 欣赏；C. determine决定；D. imagine想象。根据上文，作者一想到他们，就感叹自己不能想象没有任何访客他们会是什么样。故选D。 23．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那天，我看到一位老人独自坐在疗养院前门大厅的长凳上。A. nurse 护士；B. doctor 医生；C. man 人，D. partner 搭档。男人；根据下文“The old man smiled and said, “Thank you.””可知此处应填man。故选C。 24．
A. harm考查名词词义辨析。句意：之前，他曾一直努力用一条腿坐在轮椅上推着Jean。B. calm 冷静；C. push 推；D. entertain 娱乐。伤害；根据下文“I asked if they would mind my pushing Jean the rest of the ___6___ , Jean said, “Yes, please!””可知，作者看到老人推Jean，所以问能不能他来推，所以此处应填push。故选C。 25．
Jean是一位中风的女性，A. settle 解考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个人在轮椅上不能动。B. explore 探索；C. escape 逃跑；D. move 移动。决，定居；根据前半句“who had cerebral
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palsy (中风)”可知Jean不能动。故选D。 26．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我问他们是否介意接下来的路由我推Jean。A. way 路，方法；B. block 街区；C. street 街道；D. yard 院子。根据前半句可知，作者遇到他们后想帮忙推着Jean走剩下的路。故选A。 27．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，这个老人独自坐在长凳上，当我走近他时，他认出A. frightened 害怕的；B. alone 独自的； C. active 积极的；D. dusty 了我并且对我微笑。
尘土飞扬的。根据上文“That day, I saw an old ___3___ alone on a bench”可知，老人独自一人坐在长凳上。故选B。 28．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：可能由于有污垢，他一直不断地挠他的腿。A. dirt 污物，污 D. type 类型。根据上文“I realized he had only one leg 垢；B. steam 蒸汽；C. loss 损失；
which was dry and a little dirty.(我意识到他只有一条干燥并且有点脏的腿)”可知，腿上干燥并有点脏。故选A。 29．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：可能由于有污垢，他一直不断地挠他的腿。A. happily 开心地；B. responsibly 负责任地；C. continuously 不断地；D. universally 普遍地。根据上文老人腿很干燥并有点脏，所以老人不断地挠腿。故选C。 30．
A. face 脸；B. leg 腿；考查名词词义辨析。句意：我包里有药膏，似乎对他的腿有好处。C. hand 手；D. head 头。根据上文“he was scratching (挠) the leg ”老人一直挠腿，可知药膏对腿有好处。故选B。 31．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他不会说英语但是用他自己的本地语言跟我讲话并且开始流泪。A. poor 贫穷的；B. foolish 愚蠢的；C. native 本地的；D. selfish 自私的。根据 上文“He couldn’t speak English”可知，老人用的是自己本地的语言与作者交谈。故选C。32．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我用毛巾擦掉他的泪水。A. hair 头发；B. package 包裹；C. feet脚；D. tears 眼泪。根据上文“tears started to come down his face.”可知，作者帮他擦掉泪水。故选D。 33．
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考查动词词义辨析。句意：他继续讲话并且看着我好像我能理解。A. debating 辩论；B. laughing 大笑；C. bargaining讨价还价；D. talking 讲话。根据上文“He couldn’t speak English but spoke to me in his ___11___ language”以及下文“but I listened and nodded”可知老人一直在跟作者交流。故选D。 34．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们并不了解彼此并且也没有血缘关系。A. admit 承认；B. know了解；C. calm 冷静；D. affect 影响。根据上文可知，作者跟老人只见过两次面，所以彼此不了解。故选B。 35．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是在那一刻，我们有一种超越血缘的联系，心连着心。A. connection 联系；B. disadvantage 缺点；C. suffering 苦难；D. medal 奖牌。根据上下文可知，这是作者和老人之间超越血缘的联系。故选A。
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Air pollution is no doubt a major concern in many big cities across the world. More than 80% of people living in cities are often exposed (接触) to unsafe air, according to a report 36． (deliver) by the World Health Organization.
“Air pollution in cities continues rising 37． a high speed, and in fact, it 38． (be) bad for human health.”said Dr Maria Neira, director of Public Health and Environmental Policy at the WHO. “At 39． same time, more cities are monitoring 40． (they) air quality.”
In the past few 41． (year), the number of cities monitoring air pollution has increased, covering about 3,000 cities in 103 countries. The WHO warned that the poor air, 42． could raise the risk of heart disease, cancer and many other diseases, had a bad effect on the health of city people.
The report also showed that poorer countries 43． (general) have poorer air quality. About 98% of cities with 100,000 or more people in low-income 44． middle-income countries do not meet WHO air quality guidelines, while only 56% in high-income countries fail to meet the standard. The report also encouraged local government 45． (take) stronger and more effective measures (措施) to fight against air pollution. 【答案】 36．delivered
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37．at 38．is 39．the 40．their 41．years 42．which 43．generally 44．and 45．to take 【分析】
这是一篇说明文。空气污染无疑是世界上许多大城市的一个主要问题。根据世界卫生组织发布的一份报告，80%以上的城市居民经常暴露在不安全的空气中。文章主要介绍了空气污染对人的不良影响以及在不同国家的现状。 【详解】
1.考查非谓语动词。句意：根据世界卫生组织发布的一份报告，80%以上的城市居民经常暴露在不安全的空气中。分析句子可知，本句已有谓语expose，所以设空处用非谓语；deliver与逻辑主语report构成被动关系，故应用过去分词作后置定语。故填delivered。 2.考查介词。句意：世界卫生组织公共卫生和环境政策主任Maria Neira博士说：“城市空气污染继续高速增长，事实上，这对人类健康有害。”固定搭配：at a high speed 意为“以高的速度”，故填at。
3.考查时态。句意：世界卫生组织公共卫生和环境政策主任Maria Neira博士说：“城市空气污染继续高速增长，事实上，这对人类健康有害。”根据上文“continues”可知应用一般现在时，主语为it，谓语动词用单数。故填is。
4.考查冠词。句意：“与此同时，越来越多的城市开始关注自己的空气质量。”短语at the same time表示“与此同时”为固定搭配。故填the。
5.考查代词。句意同上。根据设空后名词短语air quality，可知设空处应用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
6.考查名词复数。句意：在过去几年里，监测空气污染的城市数量有所增加，覆盖了103个国家的约3000个城市。根据设空前few，可知设空处填名词复数。故填years。 7.考查定语从句。句意：世界卫生组织警告说，糟糕的空气可能会增加患心脏病、癌症和许多其他疾病的风险，对城市居民的健康产生不良影响。此处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the poor air，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故应用关系代词which引导，
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that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
8.考查副词。句意：该报告还显示，贫穷国家的空气质量普遍较差。修饰后文动词have应用副词generally，作状语。故填generally。
9.考查连词。句意：在低收入和中等收入国家，约98%人口在10万或10万以上的城市未达到世卫组织的空气质量标准，而在高收入国家，只有56%的城市未达到标准。此处low income 和middle-income为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。
10.考查非谓语动词。句意：报告还鼓励当地政府采取更有力、更有效的措施来对抗空气污染。固定搭配：encourage sb./sth. to do sth. 表示“鼓励某人或某物做某事”，所以空白处用不定式作宾补。故填to take。
五、单项选择
46．The company refused to _____________ the customer’s complaints, A．give way to 【答案】A 【详解】
A.give way to屈服， B.take 考查短语词义辨析。句意：公司拒绝接受顾客的投诉。让步；part in参与； C.make use of利用； D.put off推迟。结合句意可知，对于顾客们的投诉，公司拒绝让步，即不接受投诉。故选A。
47．I think it would be better to _____________ money _____________ a shelter (收容所) for the homeless. A．take ... from 【答案】C 【详解】
考查短语词义辨析。句意：我认为捐钱给无家可归者的庇护所会更好。A.take ... from从......拿； B.change ... into 把......变成......;C.donate ... to 捐献......给......；D.refer ... to让......求助于......。结合句意可知，把钱捐给收容所是更好的。故选C。 48．The new manager failed in _____________ the company. A．signing up for 【答案】B 【详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这位新经理没能接管公司。A. signing up for 报名参加；B. taking control of 控制， C. cleaning up清理； D. giving up 放弃。接管；根据new manager和company可推断，新上任的经理接管公司失败。故选B。
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B．take part in C．make use of D．put off
B．change ... into C．donate ... to D．refer ... to
B．taking control of C．cleaning up D．giving up
49．Ammy has _____________ a number of positions so that she can get a job as soon as possible. A．applied for 【答案】A 【详解】
A. applied 考查动词短语辨析。句意：艾米申请了很多职位以便于她能很快找到一份工作。for 申请；B. worked out 锻炼，解决； C. kept off 远离；D. swept away 扫除。根据下文“so that she can get a job as soon as possible.”可知目的是为了尽快找到工作，所以上文是艾米申请了很多职位。故选A。
50．This tradition can _____________ the Han Dynasty. A．take down 【答案】D 【详解】
考查短语词义辨析。句意：这个传统可以追溯到汉朝。A.take down 取下，拿下；拆毁；B.is responsible for对......负责； C.be suitable for 适合......；D.date back to追溯到；起源于。由语意可知，这个传统是起源于汉朝。故选D项。
51．The terrible shaking of the building work up all the people _____________ were asleep. A．which 【答案】B 【详解】
A.which考查定语从句关系词辨析。句意：大楼的可怕震动使所有睡觉的人觉得很不安。关系代词，先行词指物，在从句中可做主语、宾语； B.that关系代词，先行词指人或物。 C.whom关系代词， D.where在从句中可做主语、宾语；先行词指人，在从句中作宾语；关系副词，先行词表地点，在从句中作状语。分析句子，设空处及之后的内容为定语从句，修饰先行词the people，从句中缺主语，所以用关系代词that。故选B项。 52．A new kind of PC _____________ with more functions. A．have been built 【答案】C 【详解】
考查语态和主谓一致。句意：一种新型的个人电脑已经开发出来，具有更多的功能。根据空格前主语A new kind of PC可知，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式；build与主语之
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B．worked out C．kept off D．swept away
B．is responsible for C．be suitable for D．date back to
B．that C．whom D．where
B．have built C．has been built D．has built
间的关系为被动，故应填has been built。故选C。
53．Ms. Oyeymi, _____________ mother is training to become a driver for London Underground, began writing at the age of seven. A．who 【答案】B 【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：Oyeymi女士七岁时开始写作，她的妈妈正在接受训练成为伦敦地铁的司机。分析句子可知，Ms. Oyeymi为定语从句的先行词，与从句中主语mother构成从属关系，所以用关系代词whose。故选B。
54．The fish _____________ in a special way last night tasted so delicious. A．cooking 【答案】D 【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：昨晚用特殊方法烹制的鱼味道很好。分析句子可知，本句已有谓语taste，所以空白处要用非谓语；fish与cook为动宾关系，所以cook要用过去分词表被动，作定语。故选D。
55．_____________ fast the rabbit ran, it couldn’t escape the big grey wolf. A．No matter how 【答案】A 【详解】
考查状语从句。句意：不管这只兔子跑的有多快，它都不能逃过大灰狼的追捕。A. No matter how 后一般跟形容词或副词，表示“不管怎样，不管多么”，引导让步状语从句；B. How 怎么，引导名词性从句；C. No matter what 无论什么，引导让步状语从句，且从句中心词为名词或者缺少主语或宾语；D. what 什么，引导名词性从句；分析句子可知，此处应为引导让步状语从句；再结合空格后中心词fast可知，应用No matter how 。故选A。
六、根据汉语意思填写单词
56．Experts investigated the issue, conducted several tests, and then made a
_____________ (建议) for how the buildings could be saved. (根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】proposal 【详解】
考查名词。句意：专家们对这一问题进行了调查，进行了几次测试，然后提出了如何保
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B．whose C．where D．why
B．was cooked C．to cook D．cooked
B．How C．No matter what D．what
存该建筑的建议。根据汉语提示“建议”及不定冠词可知，应填 proposal作宾语，短语：make a proposal for “为......提议”，所以空白处填名词proposal。
57．My adviser recommended that I should sign up for _____________ (高级的) literature because I like English and I’m good at it. (根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】advanced 【详解】
考查形容词。句意：我的导师建议我报名参加高级文学课程，因为我喜欢英语，而且我擅长英语。根据汉语提示“高级的”及设空后的名词literature，可知空白处填形容词advanced，作定语修饰名词。故填advanced。
58．You can then spend three days _____________ (探索) the rainforest with a local guide. (根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】exploring 【详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：然后你可以花三天时间和当地导游一起探索热带雨林。根据汉语提示“探索”及短语spend time (in）doing sth.“花费时间做某事”，可知空白处填动名词做介词的宾语。故填exploring。
59．A committee was _____________ (创立) to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings. (根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】founded 【详解】
考查动词。句意：一个委员会成立，来限制对埃及建筑的破坏。根据空格前A committee was 以及所给汉语提示可知，空格处应填过去分词founded与空格前was构成被动。故填founded。
60．You can visit the museums, admire the _____________ (建筑), and enjoy the excellent local food. (根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】buildings/constructions/architecture 【详解】
考查名词。句意：你可以参观博物馆，欣赏建筑物，享受当地美食。根据汉语提示“建筑”及设空前的定冠词the，可知此处填写名词；结合museums，可知此处填名词复数。故填buildings/constructions/architecture（不可数名词）。
61．Jinna always wanted to look like the _____________ (苗条的) girls on TV. (根据汉语提示单词拼写）
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【答案】slim 【详解】
考查形容词。句意：金娜一直想让自己看起来像电视上的苗条女孩。根据空格后名词girls可知，此处应填形容词作定语；再结合所给汉语提示可知，应填slim。故填slim。 62．_____________ (显然), I was unhappy, but I won’t quit.(根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】Apparently/Obviously 【详解】
考查副词。句意：很显然，我不高兴，但我不会放弃。根据汉语提示“显然”，结合其句中所作的成分，可知此处用副词修饰整个句子。apparently/obviously，意为“显然”，为副词。故填Apparently/Obviously。
63．The Internet has done much for people than simply make life more _____________ (方便的). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】convenient 【分析】
本题考查单词拼写能力。 【详解】
考查形容词。句意：互联网为人们做了很多，不仅仅是使生活更方便。根据所给出的汉语提示“方便的”并结合前文“make life more______”可知，应是形容词“convenient”，与空前“more”构成“more convenient”形容词比较级形式作宾语补足语。故填convenient。
七、根据首字母填写单词
64．Nearly 500,000 high q_____________ digital photographs have been produced since the international project started in 1994. （根据首字母单词拼写） 【答案】quality 【详解】
考查名词。句意：自1994年这个国际项目开始以来，已经制作了近50万张高质量的数码照片。根据首字母提示、设空前形容词high及句意，可知空白处要意义为“质量”的名词。quality，意为“质量”为名词，故填quality。
65．In order to save this species from e____________ , the Chinese government placed it under national protection. （根据首字母单词拼写） 【答案】extinction 【详解】
考查名词。句意：为了拯救这个物种免于灭绝，中国政府将其置于国家保护之下。根据
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首字母提示、设空前的介词from，可知此处填名词“灭绝”，extinction，意为“灭绝”，为名词。故填extinction。
八、根据课文内容填空 课本原文填空。 Dear Worried Friend,
You wrote that you are very worried about your friend, Chen Lei. I understand quite well that you are 66． and feel terrible. You think that your friend plays 67． games too often and 68． too much time online.
I recommend that you talk to your friend about his 69．. It is not unusual for teenagers of your generation to be 70． to computer games and the online world. But spending too much time online is unhealthy and makes it very difficult to 71． on other things in life. Some students even become addicted to the Internet and cannot concentrate on school and 72． life. I think you should 73． your friend to try new 74．. Why not 75． the problem together? I am sure he will listen to you since you are his good friend.
All the best, Susan Luo
【答案】 66．anxious 67．computer 68．spends 69．behaviour 70．attracted 71．focus 72．family 73．encourage 74．hobbies 75．discuss 【分析】
这是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了Susan Luo给Worried Friend的一封建议信，信中讲述了Worried Friend的朋友出现了沉迷于电脑游戏的问题，提及该问题的危害以及给他提出了建议和鼓励。
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66．
考查形容词。句意：我完全理解你很焦虑，感觉很糟糕。根据空前“are”为系动词，所填空应是形容词作表语，且与前文 “you are very worried about your friend”的“worried”相呼应，应是形容词“anxious”，意为“焦虑的；担忧的”，符合句意和语境。故填anxious。 67．
考查名词作定语。句意：你认为你的朋友玩电脑游戏太频繁，花太多时间上网。分析可知，所填空应是空后名词“games”的定语，与后文“computer games”相呼应，所填词应是名词“computer”，作定语，“computer games”，“电脑游戏”。故填computer。 68．
考查动词和时态。句意：你认为你的朋友玩电脑游戏太频繁，花太多时间上网。分析可知，“and”为并列连词，所填空应是动词，与空前“plays”同为宾语从句的谓语动词，结合前文“plays ___2___ games too often”语境为“玩电脑游戏太频繁”，空处“___3___ too much time online”应是表达“花费太多时间上网”含义。“spend”动词，意为“花费”，符合 句意，从句主语“your friend”为第三人称单数，动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填spends。69．
考查名词。句意：我建议你和你的朋友谈谈他的行为。空前“his”为形容词性物主代词，所填空应是名词。结合前文“You think that your friend plays ___2___ games too often and ___3___ too much time online.”可知，“朋友”沉迷于网络，花太多时间上网，由此可推知，设空处“I recommend that you talk to your friend about his ___4___ .”应是建议与朋友交流关于这种行为的不当之处。“behaviour”，不可数名词，意为“行为”，符合句意。故填behavior。 70．
考查不定式的被动。句意：对于你们这一代的青少年来说，被电脑游戏和网络世界所吸引是很平常的事。分析可知，“to be ___5___ to computer games and the online world”应是句子主语，“It”为形式主语，“to be”应是不定式的被动，结合空后介词“to”，以及前文语境“plays ___2___ games too often and ___3___ too much time online”为“沉迷于网络“被电脑游戏和网络世界所迷惑/吸引”。“attract”，游戏”，设空处应是表达同样含义，即，动词，意为“吸引”，可构成被动结构“be attracted to”，意为“被吸引”，符合语境。故填attracted。 71．
考查动词。句意：但是花太多的时间在网上是不健康的，使它很难集中精力在生活中的“to ___6___ on other things in life”为“makes”的真正宾语，“it”其他事情上。分析可知，
试卷第!异常的公式结尾页，总25页
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为形式宾语，因此应是句式结构“make it +形容词+to do sth”，所填空应是动词原形。结合空后“on”及与后文“Some students even become addicted to the Internet and cannot concentrate on school and ___7___ life.”中“concentrate on(专注于)”相呼应，设空处应是“focus on”。故填focus。 72．
考查名词作定语。句意：一些学生甚至沉迷于网络，不能集中精力学习和家庭生活。空后“life”为名词，所填空应是其定语，结合空前“school”可知，设空应是名词，且与“school”相对应。根据前文“makes it very difficult to ___6___ on other things in life(使得很难关注生活中的其他事情)”可知，设空处“cannot concentrate on school and __7___ life”应是表达“无法专注于学校和家庭生活”。“family”名词， 意为“家庭”，符合语境分析。故填family。73．
考查动词。句意：我认为你应该鼓励你的朋友尝试新的爱好。分析可知，“you should ___8___ your friend to try new ___9___”为宾语从句，“should”为情态动词，所填空应是动词原形，与should搭配做从句谓语。结合语境可知，设空处应是建议，表达“鼓励朋友尝试新的活动或爱好”含义。“encourage”，动词，意为“鼓励”，可构成“encourage sb. to do sth”结构，“鼓励某人做某事”，符合语境。故填encourage。 74．
考查名词复数。句意：我认为你应该鼓励你的朋友尝试新的爱好。分析可知，空前“new”为形容词，所填空应是名词。结合语境可知，“new___9____”应是与前文提及的朋友沉迷的爱好活动“网络游戏”相对应的，因此设空处“you should ___8___your friend to try new___9__”应是表达“鼓励朋友尝试新的活动或爱好”含义。“hobby”可数名词，意为“爱好”，符合句意搭配，结合语境可知，应是复数形式。故填hobbies。 75．
考查动词。句意：为什么不一起讨论这个问题呢? 分析可知，“Why not do sth”，固定句“为什么不做某事”，式，因此所填空应是动词原形。根据句中的“together”以及后文“I am sure he will listen to you since you are his good friend.(既然你是他的好朋友，我相信他会听你的。)”可知，设空处“Why not ___10___ the problem together”应是表达“一起讨论问题”含义。“discuss”，动词，意为“讨论”，符合语境。故填discuss。
九、提纲类作文
76．假定你是李华，上周你校举办了“英语周”活动。请你为校英文报写一篇短文，介绍该活动的情况，内容包括：
1. 活动对象（全体师生，包括外教）；
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2. 活动内容（唱英文歌，参加英文演讲比赛等）； 3. 活动效果。 注意：
1. 写作词数应为100左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
An English Week
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Last week our school held an \"English Week\"activity.
All the students and English teachers, including our foreign teachers, participated in it. During the week, we sang quite a few English songs and joined in some English speaking contests. Besides, we put on short English plays and watched English films, from which we learned a lot. As we know, practice makes perfect. Through the activity, we not only broadened our horizons and became more interested in English, but also improved our speaking ability.
I think it's an effective way to learn English, so I enjoy it very much. 【分析】
本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生为校英文报写一篇短文，介绍上周学校举办的“英语周”活动情况。 【详解】 第一步∶审题 体裁∶应用文
时态∶根据提示，时态主要为一般过去时和一般现在时。 结构∶总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。 要求∶
1.活动对象（全体师生，包括外教）；
2.活动内容（唱英文歌，参加英文演讲比赛等）； 3.活动效果。
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第二步∶列提纲（重点词组）
hold; participate in; quite a few; join in; English speaking contest; put on; practice; broaden; improve; effective, not only...but also... 第三步∶连词成句
1. Last week our school held an\"English Week\" acti vity.
2. All the students and English teachers,including our foreign teacher, participated in it. 3. During the week, we sang quite a few English songs and joined in some English speaking contests.
4.Besides, we put on short English plays and watched English films, from which we learned a lot.
5. As we know, practice makes perfect.
6. Through the activity, we not only broadened our horizons, became more interested in English, but also improved our speaking ability.
7.I think it's an effective way to learn English,so Ienjoyed it very much. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步∶连句成篇（衔接词） 1.表并列补充关系∶ Besides 2.表因果关系∶ so
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。 【点睛】 [高分句型1]
Besides，we put on short English playsand watched English films, from which we learned a lot. （运用了“介词+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句） [高分句型2]
I think it's an effective way to learn English，so I enjoy it very much.（运用了不定式作后置定语）
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