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英语动词被动语态易错剖析含解析

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英语动词被动语态易错剖析含解析

一、动词被动语态

1.A cook will lose his job if he to smoke in the kitchen. A. finds B. found C. is found 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:如果发现厨师在厨房里抽烟,他会失去他的工作。从语境来看,是“发现他”,故用被动语态。选C。及物动词逻辑上的主语作主语时,用主动语态;及物动词逻辑上的宾语做主语时,用被动语态。

2.The two girls _____ how to dance one month ago and now they can dance well.

A. taught B. have taught C. are taught D. were taught 【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:这两个女孩在一个月以前学跳舞,现在他们跳的非常好。主语和谓语动词之间是动宾关系,所以用被动语态be done,根据时间one month ago可知用一般过去时态。根据主语是复数,所以系动词用were,故选D。

3.----Don't smoke here, Dad. Smoking _____ in public places.

----Oh, sorry. I'll stop right now.

A. isn't allowed B. aren't allowed C. doesn't allow 【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:----不要在这儿吸烟,爸爸。在公共场所不允许吸烟。----哦,对不起,我马上停止。“不允许吸烟”,吸烟smoking在句中作主语,用被动语态。动名词短语smoking作主语,谓语用三人称单数.故选A

4.Let's wait and see whether books by the Internet in the future.

A. replace B. replaced C. will be replaced D. were replaced 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:让我们等着看是否将来书会被网络替代。whether引导的宾语从句根据时间确定时态,结合in the future可知表达的是将来的事情,主语 books是动词replace的承受者,故用一般将来时的被动语态will+be+过去分词,故选C

【点评】考查一般将来时的被动语态。

5.It's not your turn yet.Please wait on the chair over there until you _______.

A. are calling B. have called C. are called 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:现在还没有轮到你.请等在那边的椅子上,直到有人叫你。结合语境可知,主语you是动作call的承受者,因此这里用一般现在时态的被动语态,结构式is/are/am+动词的过去分词.主语是you,用be动词are.call的过去分词是called.答案是C

【点评】考查一般现在时的被动语态。

6.In Chinese culture, children born in the Year of the Monkey ______ to be smart. A. say B. said C. will be said D. are said 【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:在中国文化中,据说猴年出生的孩子很聪明。分析句子结构,主语children与say是被动关系,叙述客观事实,可知用一般现在时的被动语态,由be(am,is are)+过去分词构成, 根据主语children,可知系动词用are,因此用are said,故选D。

【点评】此题考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据主语和谓语之间的主动和被动关系确定句子的语态。

7.Now smart phones in many ways in our daily life.

A. are used B. is used C. are using 【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】考查被动语态的用法。句意:现在智能手机在我们的日常生活中的许多方面都可以使用。根据now可知句子应该用一般现在时,句子的主语smartphones与use之间是被动关系,句子的主语是复数,所以用are,故选A。

8.—Tom is always careless with his schoolwork.Could you help him? —No problem!I think he _______ to think twice before starting.

A. should be told B. can tell C. should tell D. can be telling 【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:——汤姆总是对他的学业很粗心。你能帮助他吗?——没问题!我认为他应该被告知在开始之前应再三思考。结合句意,他粗心,因此应告诉他要三思而后行,故应是被告知,故用被动语态,故选A。

【点评】此题考查情态动词被动语态的用法。

9.These cakes_________ with chocolate. Have one, please.

A. fill B. filled C. are filled D. were filled 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:这些蛋糕里装满了巧克力。请吃一个。根据cakes与fill之间是被动关系,要有被动语态;由下句 Have one, please.可知上句要用一般现在时,要用一般现在时的被动语态,am/is/are+过去分词。主语cakes,复数,要用are,fill的过去分词filled,故选C。

【点评】考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据主语与谓语动词之间的关系确定语态,同时根据语境确定时态。

10.Have you heard that the 2022 Winter Olympics ______________ in Beijing? A. held B. are held C. were held D. will be held 【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:你听说2022年冬季奥运会要在北京举行吗?根据2022年可知句子时态是一般将来时,句子的主语和谓语之间是被动关系,可知此处是一般将来时的被动语态,will be done,故选D。

【点评】此题考查一般将来时的被动语态。注意一般将来时被动语态的结构。

11.Gina went to the doctor's yesterday and she ______ about the importance of good living habits once more.

A. told B. is told C. was told D. has told 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:吉娜昨天去看医生,她又一次被告知良好生活习惯的重要性。she与tell之间是被动关系,要用被动语态;根据上句谓语动词went,可知要用一般过去时。所以要用一般过去时的被动语态,be(was/were)+过去分词,主语she,第三人称单数,要用was,tell的过去分词told,故选C。

【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态的构成和用法。注意根据语境确定时态,同时根据主语与动词之间的关系确定语态。

12.—Quite a few new laws and rules on food safety ______ into use last month. —Can you tell me what they are?

A. were putting B. have been put C. were put D. put 【答案】C

【解析】【分析】题意:——上个月,相当多的关于食品安全的新法律和制度投入了使用。——你能告诉我他们有哪些吗?根据时间状语last month可知时态为一般过去式,主语为“new laws and rules ”,被投入使用,使用被动语态were+过去分词。故选C。 【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态,注意结构为:was/were+过去分词。

13.In order to make Dandong more beautiful, more trees and flowers ________ every year.

A. will plant B. should plant C. should be planted D. must plant 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:为了使丹东更漂亮,应该每年种植更多的树木和花。A.主动语态的将来;B.有情态动词的主动语态;C.有情态动词的被动语态;D.必须种植。主语和谓语动词之间是动宾关系所以用被动结构,合有情态动词的被动结构是情态动词+be done。故选C。

14.— I enjoy walking on the clean streets in the morning. — You know they by the hard-working cleaners every day.

A. clean B. are cleaned C. are cleaning D. will clean 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:—— 我喜欢早上在干净的街道上散步。——你知道他们每天都被辛勤工作的清洁工打扫。A一般现在时主动语态,B一般现在时被动语态,C现在进行时,D一般将来时,根据 by the hard-working cleaners every day, 可知是 一般现在时被动语态 , 故选B。

【点评】 考查时态和语态,注意一般现在时被动语态的用法。

15.I will go out to play with you as soon as my homework .

A. finishes B. is finished C. will be finished D. was finished 【答案】B

【解析】【分析】句意:我的作业一做完我就出去和你玩。时间状语从句中,若主句是一般将来时,从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时;本题中从句的主语是my homework,是动作的承受者,故用被动语态。故选B。

【点评】考查动词的时态和语态,本题涉及时间状语从句中,若主句是一般将来时,从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。

16.He was _______ in the traffic accident.

A. injure B. injuring C. injured D. injurns 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:他在交通事故中受伤。动词,injure,伤害,与主语he 是被动关系,需要使用被动语态be done,根据助动词was,故此处是过去分词,故选C。 【点评】考查被动语态,注意injure和主语是被动关系的用法。

17.——During the APEC summit(峰会),Beijing's sky was so blue and clear.——It APEC blue.But too bad it no longer stays that way.

A. is called

B. are called

C. called

D. calls

【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意:——在 APEC峰会期间,北京的天空是那么的蓝。一一它叫做 APEC蓝,但是太遭糕,再没有那样的蓝了。主语是谓语动词的执行者,用主动语态,主语是谓语动词的承受者,用被动语态。本句主语it是谓语call的承受者,用被动语态,故选A。

18.Because it every day, the window is very clean.

A. cleaned B. will clean C. was cleaned D. is cleaned 【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:因为窗户每夭打扫,所以非常干净。A.一般过去时态;B.一般将来时态;C.一般过去时被动语态;D.一般现在时被动语态。每夭打扫窗户,表示经常性习惯性的动作,用一般现在时态;主语it(指the window)是谓语动词clean的承受者,用被动语态,故选D。

19.Many leaders ________ to attend the Closing Ceremony(闭幕式)of Winter Olympics in February.

A. be invited B. were invited C. will be invited D. have been invited 【答案】B

【解析】【分析】句意:许多领导人被邀请参加2月份的冬奥会闭幕式。“邀请参加”指过去邀请参加。用一般过去时的被动语态,were done,故答案为B。

【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态。理解句意并掌握一般过去时的被动语态的构成。

20.Jack told the librarian that the book _______as soon as he finished reading it. A. was returned B. would be returned C. has been returned D. will be returned 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:Jack告诉图书管理员这本书他一读完就会归还。was returned是一般过去时态的被动语态;would be returned是过去将来时的被动语态;has been returned是现在完成时的被动语态;will be returned是一般将来时态的被动语态。很明显that引导的宾语从句中的主语the book和所填的动词构成被动关系;主句的时态是told一般过去时

态,宾语从句中必须使用过去时态,而且宾语从句表示的是将来的时间,故应使用过去将来时态的被动语态,选B。

【点评】考查动词的时态和语态,本题涉及过去将来时的被动语态的应用,其结构:would be done。

21.The books which ________ in that bookshop ________ well.

A. sold; sold B. are sold; are sold C. sell; sell D. are sold; sell 【答案】D

【解析】【分析】句意:在那个书店里被卖的书卖得很好。定语从句主语 which 和sell之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态:be+过去分词,排除A/C;当sell表示某种东西的自然属性和特点时,一般用主动形式表被动意义,sell well,表示书卖得好,用主动语态表被动;故答案为D.

【点评】考查被动语态。理解句意,掌握被动语态的用法和结构。理解并掌握常用的主动表被动结构。

22.—It was Jenny's 15th birthday yesterday. Why didn't you go to her party? —Oh, I________.

A. didn't invite B. am not invited C. wasn't invited D. don't invited 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:—— 昨天是珍妮的15岁生日。你为什么不去她的派对?——哦,没人邀请我。根据 yesterday 可知时态是一般过去时,故排除B和D选项,invite和主语I是被动关系,故是一般过去时的被动语态,故选C。

【点评】考查时态和语态,注意一般过去时的被动语态的用法。

23.—An AI robot _____in our school dining hall next term. —I'm looking forward to it.

A. will use B. will be used C. is used D. was used 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:——下学期,一个智能机器人将会被用在学校餐厅。——我很期待。根据时间状语 next term,下学期,可知本句为一般将来时;再根据主语 An AI robot 一个智能机器人和动词use之间的动宾关系,可知本句应用一般将来时的被动语态will be+过去分词,use的过去分词为used。故选B。

【点评】考查一般将来时的被动语态,注意掌握结构will be+过去分词。

24.—Mrs Brown, how long can books from the school library ? —At most two weeks.

A. borrow B. keep C. be borrowed D. be kept 【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:——Brown先生,书可以从图书馆借多久?——大概两周。borrow借,短暂性动词;keep借,持续性动词;be borrowed被借,被动语态,短暂性动词;be

kept,被借,持续性动词。根据疑问词how long,可知应用持续性动词;再根据book和keep之间的动宾关系,可知应用被动语态be kept,故选D。

【点评】考查动词辨析。注意短暂性动词不能和表延续性时间的疑问词how long一起用。

25.Students can't be made ______ all day.

A. study B. studying C. to study D. studied 【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意为:学生不能被迫整天学习。在主动句中,使役动词后接不带to的动词不定式,而变为被动句时,使役动词后应还原动词不定式符号to。故选C。 【点评】考查动词不定式的用法。

26.— Your classroom is very clean. — Yes, it ________ every day.

A. cleans B. is cleaned C. is cleaning D. was cleaned 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:——你的教室非常干净。——是的,它每天都被打扫。根据时间状语every day,以及主语it 和动词clean 的动宾关系可知,本句应用一般现在时的被动语态be+过去分词;根据主语it,可知be动词应用三单形式is,动词clean的过去分词为cleaned,故选B。

【点评】考查一般现在时的被动语态。注意掌握一般现在时的被动语态的结构:be+过去分词。

27.—You haven't heard from Claire for a long time? —No, since he abroad.

A. sent B. has sent C. was sent D. has been sent 【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:——你很久没有Claire的消息了吗?——是的,自从她被送出国之后。根据连词since可知,本句时态为现在完成时;再根据主语he和动词send的动宾关系,可知应用现在完成时的被动语态has/have been+过去分词。故选D。

【点评】考查现在完成时的被动语态。注意掌握现在完成时的被动语态结构:has/have been+过去分词。

28.The museum _____ next month to celebrate the Science & Technology Festival. A. is decorated B. will decorate C. is decorating D. will be decorated 【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:博物馆下个月将会被装饰来庆祝“科学&技术节”。根据时间状语next month,以及主语 museum 和动词decorate“装饰”之间的动宾关系,可知此处应用一般将来时的被动语态,will be+过去分词,decorate的过去分词为decorated。故选D。

【点评】考查一般将来时的被动语态。注意掌握结构will be+过去分词。

29. many times, he finally understood it.

A. Told B. Telling C. Having told D. Having been told 【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:在告诉他多次之后,最后他终于明白了。understood,明白。过去式,告诉是在他明白之前,因此用过去完成时,他和告诉之间是被动关系,因此用过去完成时的被动语态,having been done,故选D。 【点评】考查分词及完成时的被动语态。

30.—The traffic is too busy. We have to drive slowly. —I think more new roads in our city.

A. should be built B. should built C. have built D. build 【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:-交通车辆太繁忙,我们不得不开慢点。-我认为在我们城市更多的新路应当被建设。根据句意及题干分析此题是含有情态动词的被动语态,情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词。所以是should be built,故选A

【点评】本题考查含有情态动词的被动语态的结构为情态动词+be+过去分词。

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