动词复习6

Part Six 一、情态动词： 概述：情态动词主要有can/could，may/might，must，shall/should，will/would，need，ought to，dare等。 特征：①情态动词本身具有意义，而且在不同场合表示不同的情态意义。如：You must finish the homework first.你必须先完成家庭作业。 The road is wet. It must rain last night.地面是湿的，昨晚一定下过雨了。 ②情态动词所表达的含义往往不完整，因此后面要接动词，构成具有完整意义的谓语。 ③情态动词中只有have to有第三人称单数，只有can，may，will，shall，have to 有过去式。 ④情态动词 除ought 和have 外，后面只能接动词原形。 考点：①考查can、could和be able to  can、could和be able to都表示能力(Ability)，意思上没多大区别。但can只用于现在时，could只用于过去时，而be able to则有更多的形式。但当表示经过一番努力，终于能够完成某事时，通常用be able to。 如：Though the problem’s very difficult, I believe you will be able to work it out.  can和could只有在表示能力时有时态分别。 ②区分maybe 与may be  maybe意为“可能”，是副词，在句中作状语； may be意为“可能是”，是情态动词加动词原形，在句中作谓语。 如：Maybe he has gone to Beijing. He may be from Beijing. ③must与 have to的不同用法  must强调主观意志，意为“必须”；指主观上认为应该做某事。 如：I told her that she must make a decision.  must有三个否定式：用must提问，否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to。mustn’t意为“不准”。 如：Must we hand it in now? No, you needn’t/don’t have to The books mustn’t be taken out of the reading room.  have to强调客观，表示职责和义务，意为“不得不”，指在客观条件下必须去做某事，多是被动的。可用于多种时态，构成否定式和疑问句时，要借助do，如：don't have to。 如：When I was your age, I had to get up at 5:00 every morning. ④should和ought to的区别。  must ，ought， should都能用来表示\"出于某种职责、义务而应该怎么样\"的意思。其中，must的语气最强烈，ought为居中，而should是表达这方面意思的普通词。 如：We must build our motherland a better place. (语气很强烈。表示我们非得这样做不可。） Students ought to study hard .（这种用法较有针对性，较具体。） Students should study hard .（这种用法可理解为一般的提法、号召。）  ought to的否定式是ought not to (=oughtn't to)。 ⑤情态动词表示“推测”。  表示肯定推测的情态动词有：must \"一定；准是\"， should“应该”，may \"也许；可能\"，might\"或许\"，could “可能”  表示否定推测的情态动词有： can't\"不可能，一定不\"， couldn't\"不会\"， shouldn’t“应该不”， may not \"也许不\"，might not \"或许不\"。  can表示推测时不用于肯定句，may表示推测时不用于疑问句。  其中must的语气最为强烈，它是以事实为依据而进行的逻辑上的推理，

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因此它所指的动作发生的可能性最大。  can 和should表示以事实、理由为依据而进行猜测，它们所指的动作有发生的可能性，但语气没有must那么肯定。其中should的主观性较强，往往表示说话人猜想\"应该会怎么样\"的意思。  may 和might这两个词在这方面的语气较弱、没有那么肯定，表示说话人根据自己的主观意断而进行的猜测，一般地说没有足够的客观依据。其中，might的语气更弱一些。 如： As a football fan, he must watch the football match tomorrow.（说话人料定自己的推测不会有错） He can't be out，because I saw him a moment ago.（他不可能出去，因为我刚刚还见过他。） It's 2:30 . I think she should be in her office.（现在两点半是上班时间，她应该在办公室。） Brown may come back in ten minutes.（布朗或许一会儿回来，也许不回。） I thought although she was clever she might have difficulty learning it.（尽管她很聪明，但也许在学习语言方面会有困难。） ⑥情态动词引起的一般疑问句的答语  回答must时，肯定答语用must,否定答语用needn't或don't have to。  回答need时，肯定答语用must,否定答语用needn't。  回答may时，肯定答语用may，否定答语用mustn't 或can't。 一. 选择题 A. 情态动词专项

( ) 1. John___ come to see us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet. A. may B. can C. has to D. must ( ) 2. They ___ do well in the exam.

A. can be able to B. be able to C. can able to D. are able to ( ) 3. -May I take this book out? -No, you___. A. can't B. may not C. needn't D. aren't

( ) 4. You___ go and see a doctor at once because you're got a fever. A. can B. must C. dare D. would

( ) 5. -Can you speak Japanese? -No, I____. A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. may not ( ) 6.- -He___ be in the classroom, I think.

- -No, he ___ be in the classroom. I saw him go home a minute ago. A. can; may not B. must; may not C. may; can't D. may; mustn't

( )7. -Shall I get one more cake for you, Dad? -Thanks, but you___, I've had enough. A. may not B. must not C. can't D. needn't

( )8. Even the top students in our class can't work out this problem, so it______ be very difficult. A. may B. must C. can D. need ( )9. He isn't at school. I think he ___ be ill. A. can B. shall C. must D. has to ( )10. ______ I take this one?

A. May B. Will C. Are D. Do

( ) 11. The children___ play football on the road. A. can't B. can C. mustn't D. must

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( ) 12 .You ___ be late for school again next time.

A. mustn't B. needn't C. don't have to D. don't need to ( ) 13. -Must I do my homework at once? -No, you___.

A. needn't B. mustn't C. can't D. may not ( ) 14. His arm is all right. He___ go and see the doctor.

A. has not to B. don't have to C. haven't to D. doesn't have to ( ) 15. He had to give up the plan, ___ he?

A. did B. didn't C. does D. doesn't ( ) 16. They had to walk here, ___ they?

A. mustn't B. did C. didn't D. hadn't ( ) 17. He had better stay here, ___ he?

A. didn't B. don't C. hadn't D. isn't ( ) 18.You'd better_____ late next time.

A. not to be B. not be C. won't be D. don't be ( ) 19. You'd better ___ your hair ___ once a month.

A. had; cut B. had; cutted C. have; cut D. have; cutted ( ) 20.You______ ask that man over there. Maybe he knows the way.

A. had better not to B. had not better C. had better D. had better not ( ) 21.-Shall we go and visit the History Museum next Sunday?

A. Here you are B. Sorry, I can't C. Yes, please D. Let me try ( ) 22. -Why don't you ask Mike to go with us? -Thanks, ___.

A. I will B. I won't C. I must D. I may ( ) 23. -___ I take the newspaper away?

-No, you mustn't. You____read it only here.

A. Must; can B. May; can C. Need; must D. Must; must ( ) 24. Excuse me. ___ you please pass me that cup?

A. Do B. Should C. Would D. Must ( ) 25. ___ you like to have another try?

A. Could B. Will C. Would D. Do

( ) 26. -Would you like to go boating with us? -Yes, ___.

A. I'd like B. I want C. I'd like to D. I do ( ) 27. You___ worry about your son. He will get well soon.

A. needn't B. can't C. mustn't D. have to ( ) 28. The poor man needs our help, ___ he?

A. need B. needn't C. does D. doesn't ( )29. -Must we do our homework first?

-No, you___. You may have a rest first.

A. mustn't B. needn't C. may not D. can't

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